Transmission pattern of the parasitic dinoflagellate Hematodinium perezi in polyculture ponds of coastal China
Transmission pattern of the parasitic dinoflagellate Hematodinium perezi in polyculture ponds of coastal China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736549
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Li, Caiwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Qian;Li, Meng;Li, Caiwen
中国，自2012年以来，山东沿海混养池塘养殖的三疣梭子蟹频繁发生伯氏血吸虫疫情。这些疫情给当地农民造成了重大经济损失。这种隐蔽的传播模式阻碍了受影响农场的病原菌的预防和控制。天津湖滩涂蟹(Helice Tientsinensis)是该地区的优势野生蟹之一，其寄生性感染的流行范围覆盖了三疣梭子蟹的整个养殖期。滩涂蟹可在水体交换过程中迁入和迁出混养池塘，可能是三疣梭子蟹新种苗的重要储集宿主和来源。2019年，我们在混养池塘系统中开展了持续的现场调查和定点实验，以及一系列实验室感染试验，以研究混养池塘是否会发生水传播，并确定是否可以从天津市华支睾吸虫传播到养殖的三疣梭子虫。前哨实验证实，在混养池塘中，三疣梭子虫通过水传播。同居试验进一步表明，白纹伊蚊可以通过水媒传播给三疣梭子虫，而三疣梭子虫不能通过取食感染的天津市白纹伊蚊组织获得白纹伊蚊的感染。这些结果突出了寄生甲藻在中国海岸线广泛使用的混养池塘系统中的传播规律。此外，在三疣梭子蟹的集约化养殖过程中，还证实了泥滩蟹为疫区的寄主，可能是三疣梭子蟹的寄主。
Since 2012, Hematodinium perezi epizootics have occurred frequently in cultured swimming crabs Portunus trituberculatus in polyculture ponds along the coast of Shandong Province, China. These outbreaks have resulted in significant economic losses to local farmers. The cryptic transmission pattern of H. perezi has hampered the prevention and control of the pathogen in affected farms. The mudflat crab Helice tientsinensis is one of the dominant wild crabs in the region with considerable prevalence of the parasitic infection covering the full culture period of P. trituberculatus. Mudflat crabs can migrate in and out of polyculture ponds during water exchange and may act as an important reservoir host and source of H. perezi for newly seeded P. trituberculatus. During 2019, we carried out continuous field investigations and sentinel experiments in the polyculture pond system, as well as a series of laboratory infection trials, to study whether waterborne transmission of H. perezi can occur in polyculture ponds, and to determine whether H. perezi can be transmitted from H. tientsinensis to cultured P. trituberculatus. The sentinel experiment verified waterborne transmission of H. perezi to cultured P. trituberculatus in the polyculture pond. The cohabitation trial further indicated that H. perezi was transmittable from H. tientsinensis to P. trituberculatus through waterborne transmission, whereas P. trituberculatus was not able to acquire H. perezi infection by feeding on tissues of infected H. tientsinensis. The results highlighted the transmission pattern of the parasitic dinoflagellate H. perezi in the polyculture pond systems widely used along the coast line of China. In addition, the mudflat crab H. tientsinensis was confirmed as a reservoir host of H. perezi in the epidemic area, and confirmed as the likely source of the parasite during the intensive culture of P. trituberculatus.