Genetic Influence on Intergenerational Educational Attainment
Genetic Influence on Intergenerational Educational Attainment
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/0956797617707270
复制
发表时间：
2017-09-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
von Stumm, Sophie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ayorech, Ziada;Krapohl, Eva;von Stumm, Sophie
我们使用双胞胎（6，105对双胞胎）和基因组（从双胞胎样本中提取的5，825个无关个体）分析，测试了遗传对父母-子女教育程度的影响。遗传因素占代际教育程度差异的近一半。受教育年限的全基因组多基因评分（GPS）也与代际教育程度相关：在受教育程度稳定的家庭中发现后代的GPS平均值最高和最低（即，参加过A Level考试并有受过大学教育的父母; M = 0.43，SD = 0.97）和稳定未受教育的家庭（即，没有参加过A Level考试，父母没有受过大学教育; M =-0.19，SD = 0.97）。对于向上移动的儿童，平均GPS落在两者之间（即，参加过A Level考试但父母没有受过大学教育的儿童; M = 0.05，SD = 0.96）和向下移动的儿童（即，没有参加过A Level考试，但父母受过大学教育; M = 0.28，SD = 1.03）。遗传因素对代际受教育程度的影响可以作为衡量教育机会均等程度的一个指标。
Using twin (6,105 twin pairs) and genomic (5,825 unrelated individuals taken from the twin sample) analyses, we tested for genetic influences on the parent-offspring correspondence in educational attainment. Genetics accounted for nearly half of the variance in intergenerational educational attainment. A genomewide polygenic score (GPS) for years of education was also associated with intergenerational educational attainment: The highest and lowest GPS means were found for offspring in stably educated families (i.e., who had taken A Levels and had a university-educated parent; M = 0.43, SD = 0.97) and stably uneducated families (i.e., who had not taken A Levels and had no university-educated parent; M = -0.19, SD = 0.97). The average GPSs fell in between for children who were upwardly mobile (i.e., who had taken A Levels but had no university-educated parent; M = 0.05, SD = 0.96) and children who were downwardly mobile (i.e., who had not taken A Levels but had a university-educated parent; M = 0.28, SD = 1.03). Genetic influences on intergenerational educational attainment can be viewed as an index of equality of educational opportunity.