The contribution of low birth weight to severe vision loss in a geographically defined population
The contribution of low birth weight to severe vision loss in a geographically defined population
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DOI：
10.1136/bjo.82.1.9
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Johnson, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crofts, BJ;King, R;Johnson, A
目的-描述出生于1984年1月1日至1987年12月31日之间的婴儿中出生体重特定的严重视力丧失率，母亲居住在一个地理定义的区域，分类视力丧失的原因，由起源的时间，并描述相关的感觉和运动障碍和disability.Methods-Cases从人口登记的儿童早期儿童损伤，它使用多个确定来源。进一步的临床信息检索从医院的记录，并通过询问眼科医生照顾的children.Results-166（1.25/1000活产）的儿童诊断为严重的视力丧失的年龄为5岁。出生时体重不足1 500克的婴儿的比率比体重在2 500克至3 499克之间的婴儿高26倍。这些极低出生体重的婴儿占所有严重视力受损儿童的17.5%。几乎三分之二患有严重视力丧失的儿童有产前起源的病变。69%的儿童存在其他感觉或运动缺陷。视网膜病变的早产儿占5.4%，所有视力受损的儿童和166名儿童中有7人符合围产期窒息的标准。结论，虽然作出的贡献，婴儿出生体重低，整体严重的视力丧失在社会上是小的，这些儿童中的许多人有额外的障碍，并可能把相当大的需求，对健康和教育服务和家庭。在整个学龄前人群的视力问题的频率减少是不可能发生的，直到有重大进展的病因学和预防遗传，产前和发育起源的眼病的理解。
Aims-To describe the birthweight specific rate of severe vision loss among babies born between 1 January 1984 and 31 December 1987 to mothers resident in a geographically defined area, to classify the causes of vision loss by time of origin, and to describe the associated sensory and motor impairments and disabilities.Methods-Cases were identified from a population register of children with early childhood impairment, which uses multiple sources of ascertainment. Further clinical information was retrieved from hospital records and by asking ophthalmologists caring for the children.Results-166 (1.25/1000 live births) children with severe vision loss diagnosed by the age of 5 years were identified. The rate among babies born weighing less than 1500 g at birth was 26 times higher than the rate for babies between 2500,a and 3499 g. These very low birthweight babies contribute 17.5% of all severely visually impaired children. Almost two thirds of children with severe vision loss have a lesion of prenatal origin. Other sensory or motor deficits are present in 69% of the children. Retinopathy of prematurity accounted for 5.4% of all visually impaired children and seven of the 166 children met the criteria for perinatal asphyxia.Conclusions-Although the contribution made by babies with a low birth weight to overall severe vision loss in the community is small, many of these children have additional impairments and probably place considerable demands on health and educational services and families. Reduction in the frequency of vision problems in the preschool population as a whole is unlikely to occur until there are major advances in the understanding of the aetiology and prevention of eye conditions of genetic, prenatal, and developmental origin.