Time-dependent generalized Gibbs ensembles in open quantum systems

Time-dependent generalized Gibbs ensembles in open quantum systems
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开放量子系统中的时间相关广义吉布斯系综

DOI:
10.1103/physrevb.97.165138
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
A. Rosch
A. Rosch
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
F. Lange;Z. Lenarvcivc;A. Rosch

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广义吉布斯系综是描述可积多粒子量子系统在哈密顿量突变后的定态的有力工具。在这里,我们用数字证明,它们可以用于更广泛的一类问题。我们考虑可积系统中存在的弱扰动,既打破可积性和驱动系统远离平衡状态。在这些条件下,我们表明,在长时间尺度上的稳态和时间演化可以准确地描述(截断)广义吉布斯系综与时间相关的拉格朗日参数,从简单的速率方程。以Lindblad算子描述的一维海森堡模型为例,比较了基于块对角密度矩阵(对角系综)和仅包含少量近似守恒量的依赖于时间的广义Gibbs系综的小系统密度矩阵的数值精确时间演化.
Generalized Gibbs ensembles have been used as powerful tools to describe the steady state of integrable many-particle quantum systems after a sudden change of the Hamiltonian. Here we demonstrate numerically, that they can be used for a much broader class of problems. We consider integrable systems in the presence of weak perturbations which both break integrability and drive the system to a state far from equilibrium. Under these conditions, we show that the steady state and the time-evolution on long time-scales can be accurately described by a (truncated) generalized Gibbs ensemble with time-dependent Lagrange parameters, determined from simple rate equations. We compare the numerically exact time evolutions of density matrices for small systems with a theory based on block-diagonal density matrices (diagonal ensemble) and a time-dependent generalized Gibbs ensemble containing only small number of approximately conserved quantities, using the one-dimensional Heisenberg model with perturbations described by Lindblad operators as an example.
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影响因子: 8.6
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