Geohazard detection using 3D seismic data to enhance offshore scientific drilling site selection
Geohazard detection using 3D seismic data to enhance offshore scientific drilling site selection
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DOI：
10.5194/sd-28-1-2020
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
David R. Cox;P. Knutz;D. Campbell;J. Hopper;A. Newton;M. Huuse;K. Gohl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
David R. Cox;P. Knutz;D. Campbell;J. Hopper;A. Newton;M. Huuse;K. Gohl
抽象。地质灾害评估工作流程，最大限度地利用三维地震反射数据，以提高海上科学钻探的安全和成功。国际海洋发现计划（IODP）909号提案已经实施了这一工作流程，该提案旨在对格陵兰大陆架西北部海床以下300至1 000米的7个地点进行取样。这一冰川边缘是一个前沿石油区，含有潜在的钻井危险，在钻井过程中必须避免。现代地震解释技术用于识别、绘制和空间分析可能代表地下钻探危险的地震特征，如海底结构、断层、流体和具有挑战性的岩性。将这些危害与地层目标的空间分布进行比较，以指导选址并将风险降至最低。3D地震地质灾害评估通过提供对灾害分布的更详细和空间上更广泛的理解，特别推进了该提案，用于自信地选择八个新的地点，放弃其他四个地点，并对最初使用2D地震数据选择的地点进行微调。如果该提案针对的几个更具挑战性的区域仅由二维地震数据覆盖，则它们可能会被放弃，从而限制了对地层目标的访问。这些结果通过最大限度地减少不必要区域的采集，节省了宝贵的资源，为超高分辨率二维地震勘探的目标位置提供了信息。随着未来IODP任务的目标是类似的具有挑战性的前沿环境，其中3D地震数据可用，该工作流程为地质灾害评估提供了一个模板，这将提高未来科学钻探的成功率。
Abstract. A geohazard assessment workflow is presented that maximizes the use of 3D seismic reflection data to improve the safety and success of offshore scientific drilling. This workflow has been implemented for International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Proposal 909 that aims to core seven sites with targets between 300 and 1000 m below seabed across the north-western Greenland continental shelf. This glaciated margin is a frontier petroleum province containing potential drilling hazards that must be avoided during drilling. Modern seismic interpretation techniques are used to identify, map and spatially analyse seismic features that may represent subsurface drilling hazards, such as seabed structures, faults, fluids and challenging lithologies. These hazards are compared against the spatial distribution of stratigraphic targets to guide site selection and minimize risk. The 3D seismic geohazard assessment specifically advanced the proposal by providing a more detailed and spatially extensive understanding of hazard distribution that was used to confidently select eight new site locations, abandon four others and fine-tune sites originally selected using 2D seismic data. Had several of the more challenging areas targeted by this proposal only been covered by 2D seismic data, it is likely that they would have been abandoned, restricting access to stratigraphic targets. The results informed the targeted location of an ultra-high-resolution 2D seismic survey by minimizing acquisition in unnecessary areas, saving valuable resources. With future IODP missions targeting similarly challenging frontier environments where 3D seismic data are available, this workflow provides a template for geohazard assessments that will enhance the success of future scientific drilling.