The etiology of mumps
The etiology of mumps
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a118119
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发表时间：
1935-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Goodpasture, EW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Johnson, CD;Goodpasture, EW
作者此前已经证明，通过将从早期腮腺炎病例中提取的唾液接种到斯坦森管中，可以在恒河猴身上产生急性非化脓性腮腺炎。有证据表明，实验疾病是由一种可过滤的细胞嗜性病毒确定的，该病毒耐冷冻、干燥和甘油作用。这种病毒已经通过猴子传播了几代人，现在已经被用来在人类志愿者身上产生腮腺炎。两只接种了第11代病毒的猴子在实验疾病最严重的时候取出了无菌腮腺，并在无菌生理盐水中碾碎。在重颗粒沉淀后，将上清液用于人体接种。17名志愿者被选中，其中13人可能是易感人群，4人免疫。连续两天进行感染，部分通过喷洒斯坦森管开口，部分通过喷鼻，部分通过在面颊和上牙之间临时插入受感染的棉花垫。4次免疫均未见效果。在13例易感患者中，6例在18-33天内出现临床腮腺炎，3例出现可疑变化，4例恢复良好。用其中一个阳性病例的唾液，这种实验性疾病在猴子身上再次复制。这些实验似乎表明，导致猴子实验性腮腺炎的病毒与导致人类腮腺炎的病毒是相同的。
The authors have previously shown [thisBulletin, 1934, v. 9, 239] that it is possible to produce an acute non-suppurative parotitis in rhesus monkeys by inoculation into Stenson's duct of saliva taken from early cases of mumps. Evidence was obtained that the experimental disease was determined by a filtrable, cytotropic virus that was resistant to freezing, drying and glycerination. The virus has been carried on for several generations through monkeys, and has now been used to produce mumps in human volunteers. Bacteriologically sterile parotid glands were removed at the height of the experimental disease from two monkeys inoculated with the eleventh generation of virus and were ground up in sterile saline. After the heavy particles had settled, the supernatant suspension was used for the human inoculations. Seventeen volunteers were selected, 13 of whom were presumably susceptible and 4 immune. Infection was carried out on 2 successive days, partly by spraying the orifice of Stenson's duct, partly by spraying the nose, and partly by the temporary insertion of an infected cotton wool pad between the cheek and the upper teeth. None of the 4 immunes showed any effect. Of the 13 susceptibles, 6 developed clinical mumps in 18-33 days, 3 snowed questionable changes, while 4 remained well. With the saliva of one of the positive cases the experimental disease was reproduced again in monkeys. These experiments seem to show that the virus causing experimental parotitis in monkeys is identical with that responsible for mumps in human beings.G. S. Wilson.