Glyphosate-based herbicides reduce the activity and reproduction of earthworms and lead to increased soil nutrient concentrations.
Glyphosate-based herbicides reduce the activity and reproduction of earthworms and lead to increased soil nutrient concentrations.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep12886
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发表时间：
2015-08-05
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Zaller JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gaupp-Berghausen M;Hofer M;Rewald B;Zaller JG
除草剂在全球范围内的使用正在增加，无论是在农业上还是在私人花园中。然而，我们对非目标土壤生物的潜在副作用的了解仍然非常稀少，即使是对蚯蚓这样的著名生物也是如此。在温室实验中，我们评估了最广泛使用的草甘膦除草剂草甘膦对两种不同饲养策略的蚯蚓物种的影响。结果表明，垂直穴居蚯蚓(Lumbricus Terrestris)在施除草剂3周后表面浇注活性几乎停止，而土壤蚯蚓(Aporrectodea Caliginosa)的活性不受影响。在使用除草剂后的三个月内，土壤居民的繁殖量减少了56%。除草剂的使用导致土壤硝酸盐浓度增加了1592%，磷酸盐浓度增加了127%，这表明养分有可能渗入溪流、湖泊或地下蓄水层。这些除草剂对农业生态系统造成的巨大影响尤其令人担忧，因为这些除草剂几十年来一直在全球使用。
Herbicide use is increasing worldwide both in agriculture and private gardens. However, our knowledge of potential side-effects on non-target soil organisms, even on such eminent ones as earthworms, is still very scarce. In a greenhouse experiment, we assessed the impact of the most widely used glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup on two earthworm species with different feeding strategies. We demonstrate, that the surface casting activity of vertically burrowing earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) almost ceased three weeks after herbicide application, while the activity of soil dwelling earthworms (Aporrectodea caliginosa) was not affected. Reproduction of the soil dwellers was reduced by 56% within three months after herbicide application. Herbicide application led to increased soil concentrations of nitrate by 1592% and phosphate by 127%, pointing to potential risks for nutrient leaching into streams, lakes, or groundwater aquifers. These sizeable herbicide-induced impacts on agroecosystems are particularly worrisome because these herbicides have been globally used for decades.