One step at a time: endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation.

One step at a time: endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrm2546
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发表时间:
2008-12
期刊:
Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology
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其他
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内质网(ER)中的蛋白质折叠由ER质量控制(ERQC)机制监测。通过ERQC标准的蛋白质通过分泌途径运输到其最终目的地,而多聚体蛋白的非天然和未组装的亚基通过ER相关降解(ERAD)途径降解。在ERAD过程中,分子伴侣和相关因子识别并靶向底物,以便逆转录转运至细胞质,在细胞质中它们被泛素-蛋白酶体机制降解。与ERAD底物相关的疾病的发现突出了该途径的重要性。在这里,我们总结了我们目前对ERAD过程中每个步骤的理解,重点是催化不同活动的因素。
Protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is monitored by ER quality control (ERQC) mechanisms. Proteins that pass ERQC criteria traffic to their final destinations through the secretory pathway, whereas non-native and unassembled subunits of multimeric proteins are degraded by the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. During ERAD, molecular chaperones and associated factors recognize and target substrates for retrotranslocation to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the ubiquitin–proteasome machinery. The discovery of diseases that are associated with ERAD substrates highlights the importance of this pathway. Here, we summarize our current understanding of each step during ERAD, with emphasis on the factors that catalyse distinct activities.
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