Peer support among individuals with severe mental illness: A review of the evidence
Peer support among individuals with severe mental illness: A review of the evidence
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DOI：
10.1093/clipsy/6.2.165
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Tebes, JK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davidson, L;Chinman, M;Tebes, JK
本文回顾了严重精神疾病患者同伴支持的历史和潜在效果。在回顾历史之后，我们描述了迄今为止由这一人群开发的同伴支持的三种主要形式，并检查了现有的经验证据，证明了每种方法的可行性、有效性和利用，有助于精神残疾个体的康复。这三种形式是：(1)自然发生的相互支持小组，(2)消费者经营的服务，以及(3)在临床和康复环境中雇用消费者作为提供者。现有的相互支持小组的研究表明，他们可以改善症状，促进更大的社会网络，提高生活质量。然而，这项研究主要来自非对照研究，需要进一步使用前瞻性、对照设计进行评估。消费者运营的服务和以消费者为提供者的服务有望拓宽精神障碍患者获得同伴支持的途径，但对这些最新发展的研究只是初步的，而且很大程度上局限于对其可行性的论证。我们讨论了为这一人群参与同伴支持所涉及的问题，然后讨论了对未来政策、研究和实践的影响。
This article reviews the history and potential effectiveness of peer support among persons with severe mental illness. Following a historical overview, we describe the three primary forms of peer support that have been developed to date by and for this population, and examine the existing empirical evidence of the feasibility, effectiveness, and utilization of each of these approaches in contributing to the recovery of individuals with psychiatric disabilities. These three forms are (1) naturally occurring mutual support groups, (2) consumer-run services, and (3) the employment of consumers as providers within clinical and rehabilitative settings. Existing studies of mutual support groups suggest that they may improve symptoms, promote larger social networks, and enhance quality of life. This research is largely from uncontrolled studies, however, and will need to be evaluated further using prospective, controlled designs. Consumer-run services and the use of consumers as providers promise to broaden the access of individuals with psychiatric disabilities to peer support, but research on these more recent developments is only preliminary and largely limited to demonstrations of their feasibility. We discuss issues entailed in participating in peer support for this population, and then close with a discussion of the implications for future policy, research, and practice.