Brain size in Hylarana guentheri seems unaffected by variation in temperature and growth season
Brain size in Hylarana guentheri seems unaffected by variation in temperature and growth season
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Hylarana guentheri 的大脑大小似乎不受温度和生长季节变化的影响
DOI：
10.1163/15707563-00002533
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Liao, Wen Bo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gu, Jun;Li, Da Yong;Liao, Wen Bo
不同脊椎动物的大脑大小差异很大。两个突出的适应性假说-认知缓冲假说（CBH）和昂贵的大脑假说（EBH）-已被提出来解释大脑大小的演变。CBH假设大脑的大小应该随着季节性而增加，因为更大的大脑的认知益处应该有助于通过例如增加行为灵活性来克服食物短缺时期。另外，EBH指出，大脑的大小应该随着季节性而减少，因为在食物短缺的时期，较小的大脑会带来能量的好处。在这里，通过研究温度和生长季节的变化对整体脑大小和特定脑区域（即嗅觉神经，嗅球，端脑，视顶盖和小脑）的大小的变化的影响，来测试这两个适应性假说之间Hylarana guentheri种群。与EBH和CBH的预测不一致，温度和生长季节的变化与整个大脑大小和整个人群的大脑区域大小没有相关性。因此，我们的数据不支持EBH或CBH来解释H的脑大小变化。guentheri此外，大脑大小的变化并没有在这个物种的男性和女性之间的差异。我们的研究结果表明，温度和生长季节的变化并没有塑造脑大小的变化在H。guentheri
Brain size varies dramatically between vertebrate species. Two prominent adaptive hypotheses - the Cognitive Buffer Hypothesis (CBH) and the Expensive Brain Hypothesis (EBH) - have been proposed to explain brain size evolution. The CBH assumes that brain size should increase with seasonality, as the cognitive benefits of a larger brain should help overcoming periods of food scarcity via, for example, increased behavioral flexibility. Alternatively, the EBH states that brain size should decrease with seasonality because a smaller brain confers energetic benefits in periods of food scarcity. Here, to test the two adaptive hypotheses by studying the effects of variation in temperature and growth season on variations in overall brain size and the size of specific brain regions (viz. olfactory nerves, olfactory bulbs, telencephalon, optic tectum and cerebellum) among Hylarana guentheri populations. Inconsistent with the predictions of both the EBH and the CBH, variation in temperature and growth season did not exhibit correlations with overall brain size and the size of brain regions across populations. Hence, our data do not provide support for either the EBH or the CBH to explain brain size variation in H. guentheri. Furthermore, brain size variation did not differ between males and females in this species. Our findings suggest that both the variation in temperature and growth season did not shape the variation in brain size in H. guentheri.