High-dispersion spectroscopy of extrasolar planets: from CO in hot Jupiters to O2 in exo-Earths
High-dispersion spectroscopy of extrasolar planets: from CO in hot Jupiters to O2 in exo-Earths
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太阳系外行星的高色散光谱：从热木星中的二氧化碳到地外行星中的氧气
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发表时间：
2014
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通讯作者：
I. Snellen
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作者：
I. Snellen
地面高色散光谱可以在未来 25 年内揭示分子氧作为双地球凌日红矮星大气中的生物标记气体。所需的对比度仅比目前热木星大气中一氧化碳所达到的对比度低 3 倍，但需要更大的望远镜，因为目标恒星的亮度将要暗几个数量级。如果外星生命非常普遍，因此可以在最近的红矮星周围的行星上发现，那么它可能可以通过下一代极大望远镜的透射光谱来检测到。然而，为此可能需要更多的收集面积。这可以通过开发低成本通量收集器技术来实现，该技术将大收集面积与低但足以实现明亮恒星高色散光谱的图像质量结合起来。
Ground-based high-dispersion spectroscopy could reveal molecular oxygen as a biomarker gas in the atmospheres of twin-Earths transiting red dwarf stars within the next 25 years. The required contrasts are only a factor of 3 lower than that already achieved for carbon monoxide in hot Jupiter atmospheres today but will need much larger telescopes because the target stars will be orders of magnitude fainter. If extraterrestrial life is very common and can therefore be found on planets around the most nearby red dwarf stars, it may be detectable via transmission spectroscopy with the next-generation extremely large telescopes. However, it is likely that significantly more collecting area is required for this. This can be achieved through the development of low-cost flux collector technology, which combines a large collecting area with a low but sufficient image quality for high-dispersion spectroscopy of bright stars.