How many memory systems? Evidence from aging.
How many memory systems? Evidence from aging.
复制标题
有多少个内存系统？
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.15.1.31
复制
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mitchell,DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mitchell,DB
本研究检验了Tulving（1985）的三元记忆理论。年轻人（19-32岁）和老年人（63-80岁）被分配程序记忆、语义记忆和情景记忆任务。在一个图片命名任务中对重复、延迟和可编程性进行了处理，随后进行了附带的记忆测试。与年轻人相比，老年人表现出较低的回忆和识别水平，但这些情景性测量在两个年龄组中作为滞后和重复的函数相似地增加。在语义记忆（词汇量、潜伏期斜率、命名错误和舌尖反应）或程序记忆（重复启动的大小和下降速度）中，没有出现与年龄相关的缺陷。除了记忆任务分离的年龄外，可编程性的操纵产生了更慢的命名延迟和更多的命名错误（语义记忆），但促进了更好的回忆和识别（情景记忆）。最后，对11项记忆测量的因素分析揭示了三个不同的因素，为三方记忆模型提供了额外的支持。（PsycINFO数据库记录(c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
The present research tested Tulving's (1985) ternary memory theory. Young (ages 19–32) and older (ages 63–80) adults were given procedural, semantic, and episodic memory tasks. Repetition, lag, and codability were manipulated in a picture-naming task, followed by incidental memory tests. Relative to young adults, older adults exhibited lower levels of recall and recognition, but these episodic measures increased similarly as a function of lag and repetition in both age groups. No age-related deficits emerged in either semantic memory (vocabulary, latency slopes, naming errors and tip-of-the-tongue responses) or procedural memory (repetition priming magnitude and rate of decline). In addition to the age by memory task dissociations, the manipulation of codability produced slower naming latencies and more naming errors (semantic memory), yet promoted better recall and recognition (episodic memory). Finally, a factor analysis of 11 memory measures revealed three distinct factors, providing additional support for a tripartite memory model.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)