Multifunctionality of chiton biomineralized armor with an integrated visual system
Multifunctionality of chiton biomineralized armor with an integrated visual system
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/science.aad1246
复制
发表时间：
2015-11-20
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Ortiz, Christine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Ling;Connors, Matthew J.;Ortiz, Christine
自然界提供了许多多功能结构材料的例子，其中权衡是由相互冲突的功能要求。一个这样的例子是石鳖Acanthopleura granulata的生物矿化盔甲，它包含了一个综合的感觉系统，包括数百只带有文石晶状体的眼睛。我们使用光学实验来证明这些显微镜能够形成图像。通过使用相对大的、晶体学上对准的晶粒，使多晶透镜的光散射最小化。多尺度机械测试表明，随着集成传感元件的尺寸、复杂性和功能性的增加，装甲的局部机械性能降低。然而，A. granulata已经发展了几种策略来补偿其机械脆弱性，以形成具有共同优化的光学和结构功能的多用途系统。
Nature provides a multitude of examples of multifunctional structural materials in which trade-offs are imposed by conflicting functional requirements. One such example is the biomineralized armor of the chiton Acanthopleura granulata, which incorporates an integrated sensory system that includes hundreds of eyes with aragonite-based lenses. We use optical experiments to demonstrate that these microscopic lenses are able to form images. Light scattering by the polycrystalline lenses is minimized by the use of relatively large, crystallographically aligned grains. Multiscale mechanical testing reveals that as the size, complexity, and functionality of the integrated sensory elements increase, the local mechanical performance of the armor decreases. However, A. granulata has evolved several strategies to compensate for its mechanical vulnerabilities to form a multipurpose system with co-optimized optical and structural functions.