Long-term effects of lime application on soil acidity and crop yields on a red soil in Central Zhejiang
Long-term effects of lime application on soil acidity and crop yields on a red soil in Central Zhejiang
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11104-005-8941-y
复制
发表时间：
2004-08
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Meng Ci-fu;Xiaonan Lu;Zhihong Cao;Zhengyi Hu;Wanzhu Ma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meng Ci-fu;Xiaonan Lu;Zhihong Cao;Zhengyi Hu;Wanzhu Ma
采用5种石灰用量(0、3.75、7.50、11.25和15.00mgha−-1)在红壤上进行了15年的田间试验，研究了土壤酸度的变化及其对作物产量的影响。土壤酸度随石灰用量和时间的增加而降低，而耕层(0~20 cm)的交换性钙随石灰用量和时间的增加而增加。施石灰后4年，底土(20-60 cm)酸度开始下降，且下降幅度随石灰用量和时间的延长而增大。土壤中交换性镁离子的增加幅度大于交换性钙离子的增加幅度，说明镁离子向下运移到土壤中的速度比钙离子快。施用石灰显著提高了所研究作物的产量。试验期间，大麦、绿豆、小麦、芝麻、蚕豆、马铃薯、油菜籽、棉花、玉米、西瓜、豌豆、大豆分别增产4.67倍、2.24倍、57.3%、53.4%、52.8%、44.1%、35.1%、32.1%、28.4%、18.5%、11.0%、8.8%。施石灰量最高，有利于土壤酸度的下降和产量的提高，尤其是在试验后期。0.5 L、1.0 L、1.5 L、2.0 L 4个处理的石灰减酸余效分别可达5、7、12、14年，石灰增产效果可达15年以上。
A field experiment with five lime rates (0, 3.75, 7.50, 11.25, and 15.00 Mg ha−1) was maintained on a red soil (Ultisol) for 15 years to determine changes of soil acidity and effect on crop yields. The soil acidity decreased while exchangeable Ca in plough layer (0–20 cm) increased with lime rate and time. The decreased subsoil (20–60 cm) acidity started to occur four years after liming, and the extent of decreased soil acidity increased with lime rate and time. The increased ranges of exchangeable Mg2+in subsoil were greater than that of exchangeable Ca2+, suggesting that downward movement of Mg2+into the subsoil was faster than that of Ca2+. Lime application significantly increased the yields of crops studied. During the period of experiment, the maximum yield increased 4.67 times for barley, 2.24 times for mungbean, 57.3% for wheat, 53.4% for sesame, 52.8% for broad bean, 44.1% for potato, 35.1% for rapeseed, 32.1% for cotton, 28.4% for corn, 18.5% for watermelon, 11.0% for cowpea and 8.8 % for soybean. Liming at the highest rate was in favor to the decline in subsoil acidity and yield increase, especially for the later period of the experiment. Residual effects of reducing soil acidity by liming for the treatments of 0.5 L, 1.0 L, 1.5 L, and 2.0 L could last for 5, 7, 12, and 14 years, respectively, and the effects of lime application on the yields could last for more than 15 years.