Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process (STEP) action to biomass: Solar thermo-coupled electrochemical synergy for efficient breaking of biomass to biofuels and hydrogen
Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process (STEP) action to biomass: Solar thermo-coupled electrochemical synergy for efficient breaking of biomass to biofuels and hydrogen
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enconman.2018.11.056
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发表时间：
2019-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Chao Yan;Jiaqi Wang;H. Du;Lingyue Zhu;Tingting Jiang;Hong Jiang;Hongjun Wu;Baohui Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chao Yan;Jiaqi Wang;H. Du;Lingyue Zhu;Tingting Jiang;Hong Jiang;Hongjun Wu;Baohui Wang
在本文中，二次太阳能作用的生物质，集中在概念化的太阳能和生物质的交叉点，是为了说明如何“打破”的生物质生物燃料加氢可以用于适应太阳能热电化学过程（STEP）化学。这种太阳能热电化学过程（STEP）系统被设计和用于协同太阳能和相应的化学反应，以提供生物质的作用，从而有效地利用太阳能和生物质-生产生物燃料和氢气。通过控制和调节太阳能场和子化学反应，实现了太阳能的高利用率、高化学转化率和生物质的高选择性，从而实现了生物燃料的富集和氢气的丰富。与传统的热解相比，电解法大大降低了分解反应的太阳热电化学过程（STEP）温度。基于其结构的复杂性和热稳定性，纤维素和木质素非常适合生产生物燃料和氢气。通过热-电解耦合，在100 mA和400 mA电流下，太阳能热电化学过程（STEP）的产氢量分别是200 °C热解的7.2倍和8.8倍。太阳能热电化学过程（STEP）木质素转化率显著提高，分别达到87.22%、21.78%、57.72%和7.22%（340 °C，400 mA），而热解仅实现52.39%，19.48%，25.81%和7.10%，（340 °C，0 mA），分别用于总速率、固体、液体和气体馏分。在电化学协同作用的帮助下，太阳能热电化学过程（STEP）有效地和选择性地生产气体碳氢化合物，液体生物燃料和氢气。通过热电解，气相中的甲烷、乙烷和正戊烷等轻质烃类物质的含量得到了提高。本文还阐述了太阳能热电化学过程（STEP）将生物质转化为生物燃料和氢气的化学过程。简化的机制可以最好地描述由一系列的热/电诱导的自由基反应。该系统基于太阳能和特定的化学反应，具有完美的，绿色，可持续和可回收的操作，将太阳能生物质转化为生物燃料和氢气。
In this paper, secondary solar action to biomass, focused on the conceptualized intersection of solar energy and biomass, is presented to illustrate how “breaking” of biomass to biofuels plus hydrogen can be utilized for the adaptation of Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process (STEP) chemistry. This Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process (STEP) system was designed and employed for the synergetic solar energy and corresponding chemistry to provide an action of biomass for efficient solar and biomass utilization - production of biofuels plus hydrogen. The control and modulation of solar fields and sub-chemical reactions were adopted to achieve a high utilization of solar energy, high chemical conversion rate, and high selectivity of the biomass to achieve rich biofuels and abundant hydrogen. The Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process (STEP) temperature of the breakdown reaction was greatly lowered by using electrolysis, as compared with the conventional pyrolysis. Based on their structural complexity and thermal stability, cellulose and lignin are well-suited for the production of biofuel and hydrogen. Through the coupling of thermolysis and electrolysis, the Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process (STEP) hydrogen production from cellulose was 7.2 times higher under a current of 100 mA and 8.8 times higher at 400 mA compared with pyrolysis at 200 °C. The Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process (STEP) lignin conversions were significantly improved by reaching 87.22%, 21.78%, 57.72%, and 7.22% (340 °C, 400 mA), while the pyrolysis achieved only 52.39%, 19.48%, 25.81%, and 7.10% (340 °C, 0 mA), respectively, for the total rate, solid, liquid, and gas fractions. With electrochemical synergy to help, the Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process (STEP) process efficiently and selectively produced gas hydrocarbons, liquid biofuel, and hydrogen. The light hydrocarbons in the gas phase, such as methane, ethane, and n-pentane, became more abundant via thermo-electrolysis.The Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process (STEP) chemistry for converting biomass to biofuels and hydrogen was also elucidated in this paper. The simplified mechanism can best be described by a series of thermo/electro-induced free radical reactions. The system, built on solar energy and specific chemical reactions, features a perfect, green, sustainable, and recyclable operation to transform solar biomass to biofuels and hydrogen.