Changes in family variables among normal and overweight preschoolers.
Changes in family variables among normal and overweight preschoolers.
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DOI：
10.3109/01460860903486531
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E Ruffin R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Starling Washington P;Reifsnider E;L Bishop S;Domingeaux Ethington M;E Ruffin R
本研究的目的是检查正常和超重儿童的体重和身高在六个月的时间内与个人，家庭/家庭和社区有关的变量中的差异。研究问题/假设：影响学龄前儿童身体质量指数（BMI）的生态因素是什么？在过去的30年里，2至5岁的超重学龄前儿童的比例增加了一倍多。社会经济地位低下和少数民族群体的发病率较高。研究表明，孩子的体型（身高、体重和BMI）与家庭环境中的生态因素之间存在很强的相关性。这项研究是一项二级数据分析，来自一项横断面研究，研究对象是200名接受WIC服务的2-3岁墨西哥裔美国儿童。样本包括100名年龄BMI > 95%的儿童和100名年龄BMI <85%的儿童。变量和测量包括：主机/儿童（BMI百分位数，饮食，看电视的时间），代理/食物（喂养援助），微系统/父母（父母的BMI，文化适应水平，就业，体育活动），微系统/家庭（刺激，电视时间）和微系统/母子关系（NCAST教学量表）。超重和正常体重儿童的BMI都有所下降，但即使在减肥时也保持了组间差异（p = 0.000）。超重儿童比正常体重儿童消耗更多的水果、面包和其他碳水化合物以及总热量。两组儿童的水、果汁和果汁饮料以及肉类和其他蛋白质的消费量都显著增加。超重儿童的母亲BMI高于正常体重儿童的母亲，并随着时间的推移而增加。更多的超重儿童在另一个人在场的情况下进食。母亲和超重儿童之间的互动模式比母亲和正常体重儿童之间的互动模式显着更积极和响应。多种生态因素影响学龄前儿童的BMI，导致肥胖。护士可以利用这些发现来教导父母管理导致儿童肥胖和生长的环境因素的重要性。
The purpose of this study was to examine differences in the weight and height of normal and overweight children in variables relating to the individual, home/family and community across a six month time period. Research Questions/Hypotheses: What are the ecological factors that influence the body mass index (BMI) of preschool children? Significance: The rate of overweight preschool children aged 2 to 5 years has more than doubled in the past 30 years. Low socioeconomic and ethnic minority groups have higher rates. Research shows a strong correlation between a child’s size (height, weight, and BMI) and the ecological factors present in the family’s environment. This study is a secondary data analysis from a cross sectional study of 200 Mexican American children ages 2–3 years old receiving WIC services. The sample consisted of 100 children with a BMI > 95% for age and 100 children with a BMI of <85% for age. Variables and measurements included: host/child (BMI percentile, diet, TV watching hours); agent/food (feeding assistance); microsystem/parent (parental BMI, acculturation level, employment, physical activities); microsystem/home (stimulation, TV hours); and microsystem/mother-child relationship (NCAST Teaching Scale).This study is limited to populations with similar characteristics. Both overweight and normal weight children showed decreases in BMI, but maintained their between group differences even while slimming down (p = .000). Overweight children consumed significantly more fruit, bread and other carbohydrates, and total calories, than did normal weight children. Both groups of children increased significantly in their consumption of water, fruit juice and juice drinks, as well as meat and other protein. Maternal BMIs for overweight children were higher than those for the mothers of the normal weight children and increased across time. More overweight children ate in the presence of another person. The interaction patterns between mothers and overweight children were significantly more positive and responsive than were the interaction patterns of mothers and normal weight children. Multiple ecological factors influence the BMI of the preschooler leading to obesity. Nurses can use these findings to teach parents about the importance managing the environmental factors that contribute to childhood obesity and growth.