Using ecological models in research on health disparities
Using ecological models in research on health disparities
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DOI：
10.1016/j.profnurs.2005.05.006
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Forgione, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reifsnider, E;Gallagher, M;Forgione, B
人类相互作用的生态模型可用于研究影响健康差异的复杂社区问题。这些模型使研究人员能够研究问题的组成部分，并了解如何通过护理干预来改善问题。本文描述了四项研究，其中生态模型被用来理解一种现象或设计和测试一种干预措施。使用的方法是民族志、描述性/相关性和准实验性。所有的研究对象都是居住在德克萨斯州南部的低收入妇女和儿童，主要是西班牙裔。这些生态模型来源于布朗芬布伦纳的人类发展生态学理论、流行病学理论、鲁宾的妊娠发育任务理论和巴纳德的母子互动模型。代表现实的启发式模型允许研究人员将一个复杂的问题（如健康差距）划分为可管理的组成部分。家庭、邻里和社区的影响可以在不忽视个人的情况下加以考虑。
Ecological models of human interaction can be used to study complex community problems that affect health disparities. These models allow researchers to study the components of a problem and understand how the problem can be ameliorated with nursing interventions. This article describes four research studies in which ecological models were used to either understand a phenomenon or design and test an intervention. The methods used were ethnography, descriptive/correlational, and quasi-experimental. All subjects were low-income women and children, largely of Hispanic ethnicity, residing in South Texas. The ecological models were derived from Bronfenbrenner's ecology of human development theory, epidemiology, Rubin's theory of developmental tasks of pregnancy, and Barnard's model of mother-child interaction. Heuristic models that represent reality allow researchers to divide a complex problem, such as health disparities, into manageable components. The influence of families, neighborhoods, and communities can be considered without losing sight of individuals.