The mouse deer and the crocodile: oil palm smallholders and livelihood strategies in Sarawak, Malaysia
The mouse deer and the crocodile: oil palm smallholders and livelihood strategies in Sarawak, Malaysia
复制标题
鼷鹿和鳄鱼：马来西亚沙捞越州的油棕小农和生计策略
DOI：
10.1080/03066150.2012.750241
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Patrick S. Sujang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Cramb;Patrick S. Sujang
砂拉越是马来西亚婆罗洲的一个资源前沿州，其政策制定者的主流观点是，让小农户参与到油棕热潮中来的唯一可行方法是将他们整合成更大的生产实体，并由外部提供管理和资金。油棕热潮已经改变了该岛屿的农业经济。然而，尽管缺乏政府的支持，在过去十年中，在那些有道路和棕榈油加工厂的地区，小农油棕的面积急剧增加。我们认为，一旦加工基础设施到位，油棕小农就可以很容易地利用这一基础设施，以比大规模经营更低的成本和更大的灵活性，追求有利可图的生计选择。在本文中，我们探讨了砂拉越油棕小农的特点，以及他们在快速扩张的大规模种植园发展中插入自己的复杂多样的过程。我们开发了油棕小农的类型学，并提出了一个基于对砂拉越北部五个长屋社区的72个农户进行问卷调查的案例研究。分析显示了独立油棕小农的经济可行性，并确定了适当的支持手段，可以提高收入并更广泛地分配利益。
The dominant view among policy-makers in Sarawak, a resource frontier state in Malaysian Borneo, is that the only viable way to involve smallholders in the oil palm boom that has transformed the agricultural economy of that island is to consolidate them into larger production entities with externally provided management and finance. However, despite lack of government support, the area of smallholder oil palm has increased dramatically in the past decade in those regions with access to roads and palm oil mills. We argue that, once processing infrastructure is in place, oil palm smallholders can readily take advantage of this infrastructure to pursue a profitable livelihood option, with lower cost and greater flexibility than large-scale operations. In this paper we explore the characteristics of oil palm smallholders in Sarawak and the complex and varied processes by which they have inserted themselves into the rapidly expanding landscape of large-scale plantation development. We develop a typology of oil palm smallholders and present a case study based on a questionnaire survey of 72 farm-households in five longhouse-communities in northern Sarawak. The analysis shows the economic viability of independent oil palm smallholders and identifies appropriate means of support that could raise incomes and spread benefits more widely.