Temperature and photoperiod affect stress resistance traits in Drosophila melanogaster
Temperature and photoperiod affect stress resistance traits in Drosophila melanogaster
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DOI：
10.1111/phen.12068
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Fischer, Klaus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bauerfeind, Stephanie S.;Kellermann, Vanessa;Fischer, Klaus
物种和种群的长期生存取决于它们根据环境条件调整表型值的能力。特别是，处理环境压力的能力，以缓冲对健身的不利影响被认为是至关重要的。抗性性状很容易受到广泛的环境因素的调节。本研究以黑腹果蝇Meigen为试材，探讨了其抗逆性性状对温度和光周期的可塑性反应。结果表明，温度和性别是影响大豆抗寒、耐热、耐饥饿和耐脱水等抗逆性的主要因素。与较高温度相比，较低的温度提高了耐寒性、抗干燥性和抗饥饿性，而降低了耐热性。除了耐热性，雌性比雄性更能抵抗压力。光周期也会影响植物的抗逆性。较短的光周期降低耐寒性，而较长的光周期增强抗干燥性。总体而言，热效应是普遍的，在所有测量的电阻特性，而光周期效应是有限的重要性，在直接发展（即非滞育）苍蝇这里使用，这表明显着的光周期效应对抗应激特性可能在很大程度上是有限的，并触发滞育诱导效应。
The long-term survival of species and populations depends on their ability to adjust phenotypic values to environmental conditions. In particular, the capability of dealing with environmental stress to buffer detrimental effects on fitness is considered to be of pivotal importance. Resistance traits are readily modulated by a wide range of environmental factors. In the present study, Drosophila melanogaster Meigen is used to investigate plastic responses to temperature and photoperiod in stress resistance traits. The results reveal that stress resistance traits (cold, heat, starvation and desiccation resistance) are affected by the factors temperature and sex predominantly. Cooler temperatures compared with warmer temperatures increase cold tolerance, desiccation and starvation resistance, whereas they reduce heat tolerance. Except for heat resistance, females are more stress-resistant than males. Stress resistance traits are also affected by photoperiod. Shorter photoperiods decrease cold tolerance, whereas longer photoperiods enhance desiccation resistance. Overall, thermal effects are pervasive throughout all measured resistance traits, whereas photoperiodic effects are of limited importance in the directly developing (i.e. nondiapausing) flies used here, suggesting that pronounced photoperiodic effects on stress resistance traits may be largely limited to, and triggered by, diapause-inducing effects.