UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) More than happy: the need for disentangling positive emotions
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) More than happy: the need for disentangling positive emotions
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UvA-DARE（数字学术知识库）不仅仅是快乐：需要理清积极情绪
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通讯作者：
A. Bellomo
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作者：
M. Altamura;P. Porcelli;B. Fairfield;Stefania Malerba;Raffaella Carnevale;A. Balzotti;G. Rossi;G. Vendemiale;A. Bellomo
尽管在过去的几十年里，对情绪过程的科学理解取得了很大的进步，但对情绪交流的研究一直受到对负面情绪状态的强烈偏见的限制。通常，研究区分不同的负面情绪，如厌恶、悲伤、愤怒和恐惧。相比之下，大多数研究只使用了一种积极情绪，即“幸福”，这一类别被认为涵盖了所有积极情绪状态。这篇文章回顾了最近的研究表明，一些积极的情感状态具有离散的、可识别的信号。更多地关注面部表情以外的暗示对于理解这些积极状态以及它们是如何交流的是必要的；发声、触摸和姿势信息为研究积极情绪的信号提供了有希望的途径。要完全科学地理解情绪的功能、信号和机制，就需要摒弃单一的幸福概念，转而理清积极的情绪。
Despite great advances in scientific understanding of emotional processes in the last decades, research into the communication of emotions has been constrained by a strong bias toward negative affective states. Typically, studies distinguish between different negative emotions, such as disgust, sadness, anger, and fear. In contrast, most research uses only one category of positive affect, ‘‘happiness,’’ which is assumed to encompass all positive emotional states. This article reviews recent research showing that a number of positive affective states have discrete, recognizable signals. An increased focus on cues other than facial expressions is necessary to understand these positive states and how they are communicated; vocalizations, touch, and postural information offer promising avenues for investigating signals of positive affect. A full scientific understanding of the functions, signals, and mechanisms of emotions requires abandoning the unitary concept of happiness and instead disentangling positive emotions.