Adult brain plasticity elicited by anomia treatment
Adult brain plasticity elicited by anomia treatment
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DOI：
10.1162/089892903321593153
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Salmelin, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cornelissen, K;Laine, M;Salmelin, R
我们描述了一项研究，其中对三名慢性左半球损伤的失语症患者应用了针对单词查找困难的特定治疗方法（所谓的上下文启动技术，将大规模重复启动与语义启动相结合）。在治疗前后，重点是命名的一系列图片，命名相关的脑活动测量脑磁图（MEG）。由于其出色的时间分辨率和良好的空间分辨率，我们能够跟踪治疗引起的皮层活动的变化。所有三名受试者都表现出对训练项目的命名有所改善。在所有受试者中，位于左顶叶下叶靠近病变区域的单个源区显示出统计学显著的训练诱导的变化。这种效应的潜伏期较长，在图片呈现后300-600毫秒开始。激活的变化是特定于训练的，因为它不能用与正确答案比例增加相关的皮层动力学变化来解释。我们的解释是，培训效果反映了更有效的语音编码和存储的培训项目，通过参与左半球的单词学习系统。这与最近的功能成像研究相一致，这些研究将左下顶叶活动与言语工作记忆的语音存储部分联系起来，并且与理论论据相一致，该理论论据指出语音回路的主要作用是获得新单词。最后，MEG结果显示，没有证据表明训练后右半球的参与增加，支持了受损左半球语言相关网络的恢复对失名症恢复至关重要的观点。
We describe a study where a specific treatment method for word-finding difficulty (so-called contextual priming technique, which combines massive repetition priming with semantic priming) was applied with three chronic left hemisphere-damaged aphasics. Both before and after treatment, which focused on naming of a series of pictures, naming-related brain activity was measured by magnetoencephalography (MEG). Due to its excellent temporal resolution and good spatial resolution, we were able to track treatment-induced changes in cortical activity. All three subjects showed improved naming of the trained items. In all subjects, a single source area, located in the left inferior parietal lobe, close to the lesioncd area, displayed statistically significant training-induced changes. This effect was of long latency as it started 300-600 msec after picture presentation. The change in activation was specific to training, as it Could not be accounted for by variation of cortical dynamics associated with increased proportion of correct answers. Our interpretation is that the training effect reflects more effective phonological encoding and storage of the trained items through the engagement of a left hemispheric word-learning system. This is in line with recent functional imaging studies, which have linked left inferior parietal lobe activity to the phonological storage component of the verbal working memory, as well as with theoretical arguments stating that the primary role of the phonological loop is to acquire new words. Finally, the MEG results showed no evidence of increased right hemisphere participation following training, supporting the view that restoration of language-related networks in the damaged left hemisphere is crucial for anomia recovery.