Laos: At the Crossroads
Laos: At the Crossroads
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老挝：处于十字路口
DOI：
10.1355/seaa08j
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Lintner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Lintner
2007年并没有偏离2006年3月执政的老挝人民革命党（LPRP）第八次代表大会制定的政策方向。老挝人民民主共和国仍将是一个一党制国家，拥有老式的苏联时代的政治机构，同时鼓励自由企业和外国投资。结果是显着的政治稳定和令人印象深刻的经济表现。过去两年，经济以超过7%的速度蓬勃发展，这主要归功于水力发电、金铜矿开发的大量外国投资以及迅速发展的旅游业。根据政府的减贫计划，目前人均国民总收入（GNI）约为500美元的国家是否应该在2020年之前退出最不发达国家（LDC）地位？或者三年平均人均收入低于 750 美元的国家，以及其他一些标准？并跻身中等收入国家行列。迄今为止，全世界近五十个最不发达国家中，只有两个国家成功通过了这一门槛，脱离了最不发达国家地位，进入了获得中等收入地位所需的人均国民总收入下限超过900美元的水平：1994年的博茨瓦纳和2007年的佛得角。老挝要想以类似的方式“毕业”，就必须实现财富分配更加平均，改善教育，也许最重要的是，采取严厉措施腐败。流通中的货币更多，市场上的商品也更多？再加上公务员的工资极低？毫不奇怪，世界银行和其他国际组织
There was no diversion in 2007 from the policy directions set down by the Eighth Congress of the ruling Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP) in March 2006. The Lao People's Democratic Republic will remain a one-party state with old-style, Soviet-era political institutions, while encouraging free enterprise and foreign investment. The outcome has been a remarkable political stability, and an impressive economic performance. The economy has been booming at over 7 per cent growth for the past two years, due largely to massive foreign investment in the development of hydroelectric power and gold and copper mining as well as a rapidly expanding tourism industry. According to the government's poverty reduction plans, the country, which now has a gross national income (GNI) per capita of approximately US$500, should by 2020 exit Least Developed Country (LDC) status ? or countries with a per capita income of a three-year average of less than US$750, and some other criteria ? and join the ranks of middle-income countries. So far, only two of the nearly fifty LDCs worldwide have managed to pass the threshold by leaving LDC status and moving on to a level whose lower limit of having a GNI per capita exceeding US$900 is required for obtaining the middle-income status: Botswana in 1994 and Cape Verde in 2007. For Laos to "graduate" in a similar manner, it would have to achieve a more even distribution of wealth, improve education, and, perhaps above all, take stern measures against corruption. With more money in circulation and more goods available in the markets ? combined with abysmally low salaries for civil servants ? it is hardly surprising that the World Bank and other international