Questionnaire and Behavioral Task Measures of Impulsivity are Differentially Associated With Body Mass Index: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis
Questionnaire and Behavioral Task Measures of Impulsivity are Differentially Associated With Body Mass Index: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis
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DOI：
10.1037/bul0000105
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
Levine, Michele D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Emery, Rebecca L.;Levine, Michele D.
虽然冲动性与肥胖的发展和维持有关，但将冲动性与肥胖联系起来的证据却不一。这些混合的研究结果可能与不同类型的冲动性措施使用和冲动性的各个领域评估每一个措施的差异。本荟萃分析旨在研究测量选择对冲动性和体重指数（BMI）之间关系的影响。共有142篇文章符合纳入标准，包括315，818名参与者。效应量由Fisher的z变换相关系数组成，其通过逆方差加权以建立冲动性和BMI之间关系的总平均估计。总体加权平均效应量也计算了每种类型和领域的冲动性措施。使用混合效应方法进行调节分析，以确定冲动性和BMI之间的关系是否因冲动性测量的类型而异。平均而言，参与者的年龄为32.25（SD = 12.41）岁，BMI为26.63（SD = 5.73）kg/m2。冲动性和BMI之间的总体关系很小，但很重要（r = 0.07）。行为任务措施的冲动产生显着更大的效果大小（r = 0.10）比问卷调查措施的冲动（r = 0.05）。评估去抑制行为（r = 0.10）、注意力缺陷（r = 0.11）、冲动决策（r = 0.10）和认知能力（r = 0.17）的冲动性领域产生了显著的效应量。这些荟萃分析结果表明，冲动与BMI呈正相关，并进一步证明这种关联因所使用的冲动测量类型和评估的冲动领域而异。
Although impulsivity has been implicated in the development and maintenance of obesity, evidence linking impulsivity to obesity has been mixed. These mixed findings may be related to differences in the type of impulsivity measures used and the varied domains of impulsivity assessed by each measure. The present meta-analysis aimed to examine the impact of measurement selection on the relationship between impulsivity and body mass index (BMI). A total of 142 articles met inclusion criteria and were comprised of 315,818 participants. Effect sizes consisted of Fisher's z-transformed correlation coefficients, which were weighted by the inverse variance to establish the grand mean estimate of the relationship between impulsivity and BMI. Overall weighted mean effect sizes also were computed for each type and domain of impulsivity measure. Moderator analyses were conducted using a mixed-effects approach to determine if the relationship between impulsivity and BMI varied between the types of impulsivity measures used. On average, participants were 32.25 (SD = 12.41) years of age, with a BMI of 26.63 (SD = 5.73) kg/m(2). The overall relationship between impulsivity and BMI was small but significant (r = .07). Behavioral task measures of impulsivity produced significantly larger effect sizes (r = .10) than did questionnaire measures of impulsivity (r = .05). Domains of impulsivity that assessed disinhibited behaviors (r = .10), attentional deficits (r = .11), impulsive decision-making (r = .10), and cognitive inflexibility (r = .17) produced significant effect sizes. These meta-analytic findings demonstrate that impulsivity is positively associated with BMI and further document that this association varies by the type of impulsivity measure used and the domain of impulsivity assessed.