Entropy production in mesoscopic stochastic thermodynamics: nonequilibrium kinetic cycles driven by chemical potentials, temperatures, and mechanical forces
Entropy production in mesoscopic stochastic thermodynamics: nonequilibrium kinetic cycles driven by chemical potentials, temperatures, and mechanical forces
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DOI：
10.1088/0953-8984/28/15/153004
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Qian;S. Kjelstrup;A. Kolomeisky;D. Bedeaux
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文献类型：
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作者：
H. Qian;S. Kjelstrup;A. Kolomeisky;D. Bedeaux
非平衡热力学 (NET) 研究非全局平衡系统中的过程。在介观层面上，它提供了各种复杂现象的统计动态描述，例如化学反应、离子传输、扩散、热化学、热机械和机械化学通量。在本综述中，我们通过分析几个简单示例中的熵产生，介绍了 NET 的介观随机公式。强调了非平衡稳态循环动力学的基本作用。在此背景下，阐明了 Onsager 相互关系的统计机制。讨论了化学机械、热机械和酶催化热化学能量转换过程。有人认为，相空间中的介观随机网络为理解化学、物理和生物学中的复杂过程所需的基本概念提供了严格的数学基础。该理论也与纳米级技术进步相关。
Nonequilibrium thermodynamics (NET) investigates processes in systems out of global equilibrium. On a mesoscopic level, it provides a statistical dynamic description of various complex phenomena such as chemical reactions, ion transport, diffusion, thermochemical, thermomechanical and mechanochemical fluxes. In the present review, we introduce a mesoscopic stochastic formulation of NET by analyzing entropy production in several simple examples. The fundamental role of nonequilibrium steady-state cycle kinetics is emphasized. The statistical mechanics of Onsager’s reciprocal relations in this context is elucidated. Chemomechanical, thermomechanical, and enzyme-catalyzed thermochemical energy transduction processes are discussed. It is argued that mesoscopic stochastic NET in phase space provides a rigorous mathematical basis of fundamental concepts needed for understanding complex processes in chemistry, physics and biology. This theory is also relevant for nanoscale technological advances.