Functional brain imaging of gastrointestinal sensation in health and disease
Functional brain imaging of gastrointestinal sensation in health and disease
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DOI：
10.3748/wjg.v13.i25.3438
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发表时间：
2007-07-07
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Aziz, Qasim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Van Oudenhove, Lukas;Coen, Steven J.;Aziz, Qasim
人们很早就知道，根据日常经验以及动物和人类研究，心理过程（情感和认知）会对胃肠道感觉运动功能产生影响。更具体地说，主要基于对功能性胃肠道疾病患者的研究表明，心理因素与内脏过敏之间存在联系。然而，直到最近，这种假定关系的确切性质仍不清楚，主要是由于缺乏非侵入性方法来研究非睡眠人类中这种关系的（神经生物学）机制。大约10年前在内脏感觉神经科学中引入的功能性脑成像确实为脑-肠相互作用的体内研究提供了一种方法，对一般内脏感觉的神经生物学机制以及更具体的心理因素的影响的深入了解已经迅速发展。在本文中，将概述胃肠道感觉的脑成像证据，特别强调情感和认知过程与内脏感觉之间相互作用的大脑机制。首先，将简要概述大脑和肠道（脑肠轴）之间的相互神经通路，包括健康志愿者的大脑成像证据。其次，将更详细地讨论功能性脑成像研究，评估心理因素对健康人内脏感觉的大脑处理的影响。最后，将重点研究健康志愿者和功能性胃肠道疾病患者之间大脑对内脏扩张反应差异的脑成像工作。 (c) 2007 年 WJG。版权所有。
It has since long been known, from everyday experience as well as from animal and human studies, that psychological processes-both affective and cognitive-exert an influence on gastrointestinal sensorimotor function. More specifically, a link between psychological factors and visceral hypersensitivity has been suggested, mainly based on research in functional gastrointestinal disorder patients. However, until recently, the exact nature of this putative relationship remained unclear, mainly due to a lack of non-invasive methods to study the (neurobiological) mechanisms underlying this relationship in non-sleeping humans. As functional brain imaging, introduced in visceral sensory neuroscience some 10 years ago, does provide a method for in vivo study of brain-gut interactions, insight into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying visceral sensation in general and the influence of psychological factors more particularly, has rapidly grown. In this article, an overview of brain imaging evidence on gastrointestinal sensation will be given, with special emphasis on the brain mechanisms underlying the interaction between affective & cognitive processes and visceral sensation. First, the reciprocal neural pathways between the brain and the gut (brain-gut axis) will be briefly outlined, including brain imaging evidence in healthy volunteers. Second, functional brain imaging studies assessing the influence of psychological factors on brain processing of visceral sensation in healthy humans will be discussed in more detail. Finally, brain imaging work investigating differences in brain responses to visceral distension between healthy volunteers and functional gastrointestinal disorder patients will be highlighted. (c) 2007 WJG. All rights reserved.