Advanced control of an industrial circulating fluidized bed boiler using fuzzy logic
Advanced control of an industrial circulating fluidized bed boiler using fuzzy logic
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发表时间：
2000
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通讯作者：
Erkki Karppanen
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作者：
Erkki Karppanen
循环流化床（CFB）锅炉广泛用于废物和生物燃料的多燃料燃烧。当几种热值不同的非均质燃料同时燃烧时，锅炉控制系统会受到各种控制挑战的影响，特别是由于无法可靠地测量多燃料流的能量含量。为了满足能源生产需求并保持燃烧低品位燃料的能力，需要与高热值燃料（如天然气、石油或煤）共烧。模糊逻辑控制（FLC）已经成功地用于解决控制挑战，其中操作员的过程专业知识可以转化为自动化。现实生活中的控制对象往往是非线性的，因为动力学随工作点的变化而变化，或者在燃烧过程中可能存在其他必要的非线性。所提出的模糊控制应用程序的开发是为了解决运营商在芬兰Varkaus的Varenso Oy (Stora Enso Oyj) K6锅炉的150mw (th) CFB日常运行中遇到的控制挑战。在将其应用于全尺寸锅炉之前，他们在芬兰Karhula的福斯特惠勒能源研究中心的一个2兆瓦(e)的试点工厂锅炉上进行了测试。工业试验表明，本文讨论的蒸汽压力控制、燃料质量波动补偿、燃料供给优化和增床库存监测四种应用均取得了满意的效果，并对锅炉控制进行了各种改进。模糊逻辑控制是改善多燃料循环流化床锅炉控制的有效工具。
Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boilers are widely used for multi-fuel combustion of waste and bio-fuels. When several non-homogeneous fuels, having varying heat values, are burned simultaneously, the boiler control system can be affected by various control challenges, especially since it is not feasible to reliably measure the energy content of the multi-fuel flow. In order to fulfill energy production needs and maintain the ability to burn low grade fuels, co-firing with high heat value fuels such as gas, oil or coal is needed. Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) has been successfully used for solving control challenges, where operators’ process expertise can be transformed into automation. Real life control objects are often non-linear because the dynamics change with the operating point, or there might be other essential non-linearities in the combustion process. The proposed fuzzy control applications were developed to solve control challenges the operators meet in daily operation of a 150 MW(th) CFB at Varenso Oy’s (Stora Enso Oyj) K6 boiler in Varkaus Finland. Before implementing the applications in the fullscale boiler, they were tested at a 2 MW(e) pilot plant boiler at Foster Wheeler Energia Oy’s Research Center in Karhula, Finland. According to the industrial experiments, the four applications (steam pressure control, compensation of fuel quality fluctuation, fuel-feed optimization and increased bed inventory monitoring) discussed in this thesis, showed satisfactory performance and various improvements to the boiler control were achieved. Fuzzy logic control was shown to be a notable tool to improve the multi-fuel CFB boiler control.