Potential association between exposure to legacy persistent organic pollutants and parasitic body burdens in Indo-Pacific finless porpoises from the Pearl River Estuary, China.
Potential association between exposure to legacy persistent organic pollutants and parasitic body burdens in Indo-Pacific finless porpoises from the Pearl River Estuary, China.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.249
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发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Gui;Jingwen He;Xiyang Zhang;Q. Tu;Lai-guo Chen;Kangkang Feng;Wei Liu;B. Mai;Yuping Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Gui;Jingwen He;Xiyang Zhang;Q. Tu;Lai-guo Chen;Kangkang Feng;Wei Liu;B. Mai;Yuping Wu
中国沿海沃茨是世界上滴滴涕（DDT）污染最严重的地区之一，江豚感染性疾病（主要是肺蠕虫）的流行率较高，但其与污染物暴露的关系尚未确定。为了解决这一差距，我们调查了多氯联苯（PCBs），有机氯农药（OCPs）和多环芳烃在印度太平洋江豚（Neophocaena phocaenoides）搁浅在中国珠江口（PRE）的鲸脂水平。在尸检中，发现肺虫（盐尾丝虫属）是最常见的寄生虫，在肺和支气管中观察到高密度。在子宫（Cystidicolaspecies）、肠（Anisakis typica）和肌肉（A.typica）中也发现了线虫寄生虫的严重感染。在所分析的所有污染物中，只有p，p′-DDT、p，p′-二氯二苯二氯乙烷（DDD）和do，p′-DDD在感染性疾病死亡的江豚中的浓度显著高于“健康”个体（死于物理创伤）。DDTs及其代谢产物在不同健康状况的动物体内均表现出明显的累积模式。病畜体内p，p′-DDT在DDT中所占比例高于p，p′-二氯二苯二氯乙烯（DDE），而健康畜体内则相反。虽然这项研究是第一个描述鲸类动物中寄生虫病和高水平滴滴涕之间显著正相关的研究，但我们的数据无法确定因果关系的方向：要么是寄生虫感染影响了鼠海豚代谢滴滴涕的能力，导致其鲸脂中高水平的p，p′-滴滴涕，要么是污染物负担使它们更容易受到寄生虫感染。
A high prevalence of infectious diseases (mostly lungworms) is found in finless porpoises (genusNeophocaena) in the coastal waters of China, which is one of the most dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)-polluted areas worldwide, while its association with contaminant exposure remains undetermined. To address this gap, we investigated blubber levels of polychlorinated diphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Indo-Pacific finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides) stranded in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) of China. In the post-mortem examinations, lungworms (Halocercusspecies) were found to be the most common parasites, with a high density observed in lungs and bronchi. Severe infections by nematode parasites were also found in the uterus (Cystidicolaspecies), intestine (Anisakis typica) and muscle (A.typica). For all the pollutant compounds analyzed, only the concentrations ofp,p′-DDT,p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) ando,p′-DDD were significantly higher in porpoises died of infectious diseases than in the “healthy” individuals (died from physical trauma). Contrasted accumulation pattern of DDTs and their metabolites was found between animals with different health status. The proportion ofp,p′-DDT in ΣDDTs was higher than that ofp,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) in diseased animals, whereas an opposite pattern was shown for “healthy” ones. While this study is the first to describe a significant positive correlation between parasitic diseases and high levels of DDTs in cetaceans, the direction of causality cannot be determined in our data: either a parasitic infection affected the porpoises' ability to metabolize DDTs, resulting in high levels ofp,p′-DDT in their blubber, or the pollutant burden rendered them more susceptible to parasitic infection.