Geochemical properties of rocks and soils in Gusev Crater, Mars: Results of the Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer from Cumberland Ridge to Home Plate
Geochemical properties of rocks and soils in Gusev Crater, Mars: Results of the Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer from Cumberland Ridge to Home Plate
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DOI：
10.1029/2008je003195
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发表时间：
2008-12-19
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Zipfel, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ming, D. W.;Gellert, R.;Zipfel, J.
在勇气号从470日到1368日飞越丈夫山并进入内盆地的过程中，阿尔法粒子X射线光谱仪（APXS）发现了岩石和土壤的地球化学多样性。APXS在使命过程中继续正常运行，校准或光谱退化没有变化。锗已被添加到精神APXS数据集与确认，它发生在许多岩石和土壤周围的本垒板在升高的水平。根据APXS地球化学的多样性，自470溶胶以来，在精神号着陆点已经确定了12个新的岩石类和两个新的土壤类。新的岩石类是欧文（碱性玄武岩），独立（低铁露头），笛卡尔（露头与Independence相似，具有较高的Fe和Mn），Algonquin（镁铁质-超镁铁质火成岩序列），巴恩希尔（富含Zn、Cl和Ge的火山岩沉积物），模糊史密斯（高硅和钛岩石），伊丽莎白马洪（高硅、镍和锌露头和岩石），哈雷（富赤铁矿露头和岩石），蒙塔尔瓦（高钾，富赤铁矿岩石），埃弗雷特（高Mg、磁铁矿富集岩石）、Good Question（高Si、低Mn岩石）和Torquas（高K、Zn和Ni磁铁矿富集岩石）。新的土壤类别是Gertrude Weise（极高硅土壤）和Eileen Dean（高镁，富含磁铁矿的土壤）。水的过程在丈夫山和内盆地的岩石和土壤的形成和改变中发挥了重要作用。
Geochemical diversity of rocks and soils has been discovered by the Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer ( APXS) during Spirit's journey over Husband Hill and down into the Inner Basin from sol 470 to 1368. The APXS continues to operate nominally with no changes in calibration or spectral degradation over the course of the mission. Germanium has been added to the Spirit APXS data set with the confirmation that it occurs at elevated levels in many rocks and soils around Home Plate. Twelve new rock classes and two new soil classes have been identified at the Spirit landing site since sol 470 on the basis of the diversity in APXS geochemistry. The new rock classes are Irvine ( alkaline basalt), Independence ( low Fe outcrop), Descartes ( outcrop similar to Independence with higher Fe and Mn), Algonquin ( mafic-ultramafic igneous sequence), Barnhill ( volcaniclastic sediments enriched in Zn, Cl, and Ge), Fuzzy Smith ( high Si and Ti rock), Elizabeth Mahon ( high Si, Ni, and Zn outcrop and rock), Halley ( hematite-rich outcrop and rock), Montalva ( high K, hematite-rich rock), Everett ( high Mg, magnetite-rich rock), Good Question ( high Si, low Mn rock), and Torquas ( high K, Zn, and Ni magnetite-rich rock). New soil classes are Gertrude Weise ( very high Si soil) and Eileen Dean ( high Mg, magnetite-rich soil). Aqueous processes have played a major role in the formation and alteration of rocks and soils on Husband Hill and in the Inner Basin.