ZnO Nanowire and Nanobelt Platform for Nanotechnology
ZnO Nanowire and Nanobelt Platform for Nanotechnology
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DOI：
10.1002/chin.201029226
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发表时间：
2009-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhong Lin Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhong Lin Wang
半导体氧化锌纳米线（NWs）和纳米带（NBs）是一类独特的准一维纳米材料。本文主要综述了氧化锌NWs和NBs的合理合成、结构分析、新性能及其在纳米技术中的独特应用。首先，我们将讨论合成策略的合理设计以及通过气相和化学生长方法合成NWs。其次，详细介绍了气固法合成氧化基纳米结构的方法。我们将说明极性表面主导的生长现象，如单晶氧化锌的纳米弹簧、纳米环和纳米螺旋的形成。第三，我们将描述单个NWs和NBs的独特和新颖的电学，光电，场发射和机械性能。最后，我们将举例说明利用纳米材料制成的一些新型器件和应用，如超灵敏的化学和生物纳米传感器、太阳能电池、发光二极管、纳米发电机和纳米压电器件。由于ZnO的压电和半导体耦合特性，它是将纳米级机械能转化为电能的理想纳米发电机。基于这种耦合特性设计的器件是压电器件家族，这是一组由外力/压力控制的新型独特电子元件。
Abstract Semiconducting zinc oxide nanowires (NWs) and nanobelts (NBs) are a unique group of quasi-one-dimensional nanomaterial. This review mainly focuses on the rational synthesis, structure analysis, novel properties and unique applications of zinc oxide NWs and NBs in nanotechnology. First, we will discuss rational design of synthetic strategies and the synthesis of NWs via vapor phase and chemical growth approaches. Secondly, the vapor–solid process for synthesis of oxide based nanostructures will be described in details. We will illustrate the polar surface dominated growth phenomena, such as the formation of nanosprings, nanorings and nanohelices of single-crystal zinc oxide. Third, we will describe the unique and novel electrical, optoelectronic, field emission, and mechanical properties of individual NWs and NBs. Finally, we will illustrate some novel devices and applications made using NWs as ultra-sensitive chemical and biological nanosensors, solar cell, light emitting diodes, nanogenerators, and nano-piezotronic devices. ZnO is ideal for nanogenerators for converting nano-scale mechanical energy into electricity owing to its coupled piezoelectric and semiconductive properties. The devices designed based on this coupled characteristic are the family of piezotronics, which is a new and unique group of electronic components that are controlled by external forces/pressure.