Middle Holocene Fisher-Hunter-Gatherers of Lake Turkana in Kenya and Their Cultural Connections with the North: The Pottery
Middle Holocene Fisher-Hunter-Gatherers of Lake Turkana in Kenya and Their Cultural Connections with the North: The Pottery
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肯尼亚图尔卡纳湖的全新世中期渔猎采集者及其与北方的文化联系：陶器
DOI：
10.1163/21915784-12340003
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Keding
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keding
在全新世早期和中期，当今北非和东非干旱地区的大片地区居住着严重依赖水生资源的渔猎采集者社区。在北非，波浪线陶器和鱼叉是他们最显着的诊断特征。在东非肯尼亚图尔卡纳湖地区的遗址也发现了类似的发现，但之前没有对陶器进行明确的分类。为了阐明图尔卡纳湖第一批陶艺家与北非群体之间的文化联系，对约翰·巴塞尔姆 (John Barthelme) 在 1970/80 年代挖掘的库比福拉 (Koobi Fora) 地区的陶器进行了详细评估。它在区域范围内与洛瓦塞拉和洛萨加姆（Zu4、Zu6）附近遗址的陶器进行了比较和对比，在超区域范围内与尼罗河谷中部和撒哈拉东部的陶器进行了比较和对比。分析揭示了一些重要的观点：首先，图尔卡纳湖的早期渔民陶器在类型上显然属于早期喀土穆陶器，因此是波浪线复合体的一部分。其次，图尔卡纳组合的某些类型特征（仅包括一些点状波浪线图案）初步暗示了至少在 7 世纪或更早的年代。第三，陶器特征表明东非渔猎采集者采用了来自东北非的陶器。
During the Early and Middle Holocene, large areas of today’s arid regions in North and East Africa were populated by fisher-hunter-gatherer communities who heavily relied on aquatic resources. In North Africa, Wavy Line pottery and harpoons are their most salient diagnostic features. Similar finds have also been made at sites in Kenya’s Lake Turkana region in East Africa but a clear classification of the pottery was previously not available. In order to elucidate the cultural connections between Lake Turkana’s first potters and North African groups, the pottery of the Koobi Fora region that was excavated by John Barthelme in the 1970/80s was re-assessed in detail. It was compared and contrasted – on a regional scale – with pottery from Lowasera and sites near Lothagam (Zu4, Zu6) and – on a supra-regional scale – with the pottery of the Central Nile Valley and eastern Sahara. The analyses reveal some significant points: Firstly, the early fisher pottery of Lake Turkana is clearly typologically affiliated with the Early Khartoum pottery and was thus part of the Wavy Line complex. Secondly, certain typological features of the Turkana assemblages, which include only a few Dotted Wavy Line patterns, tentatively hint to a date at least in the 7th millennium bp or earlier. Thirdly, the pottery features suggest that the East African fisher-hunter-gatherers adopted pottery from Northeast Africa.
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