ER stress activates NF-κB by integrating functions of basal IKK activity, IRE1 and PERK.

ER stress activates NF-κB by integrating functions of basal IKK activity, IRE1 and PERK.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0045078
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Niwa M
Niwa M
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tam AB;Mercado EL;Hoffmann A;Niwa M

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NF-κB 是一种转录因子,在未折叠蛋白反应 (UPR)(一种内质网 (ER) 应激反应途径)过程中被激活。 NF-κB 通常通过其抑制剂 IκBα 保持失活。多种细胞途径激活 IKK(IκBα 激酶),IKK(IκBα 激酶)磷酸化 IκBα,导致其降解和 NF-κB 激活。在这里,我们发现 IKK 是 NF-κB 最大程度激活以响应 ER 应激所必需的。然而,与典型的 NFκB 激活不同,IKK 活性在 ER 应激期间不会增加,但基础 IKK 活性水平对于确定 NF-κB 激活程度至关重要。此外,关键的 UPR 引发剂 IRE1 可通过 IRE1 的激酶(而非 RNase)活性维持 IKK 基础活性。来自 IRE1 和 IKK 的输入,与另一种 UPR 启动子 PERK 的翻译抑制相结合,导致 UPR 期间 NF-κB 的最大激活。这些相互依赖性对 IKK/NF-κB 活性升高的癌细胞(例如肾细胞癌细胞)具有显着影响 (786-0)。 IKK 抑制剂对 IKK 的抑制会显着降低 NF-κB 活性,但会被 UPR 诱导所取代,这说明了在癌症治疗中考虑 UPR 激活的重要性。
NF-κB, a transcription factor, becomes activated during the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response pathway. NF-κB is normally held inactive by its inhibitor, IκBα. Multiple cellular pathways activate IKK (IκBα Kinase) which phosphorylate IκBα leading to its degradation and NF-κB activation. Here, we find that IKK is required for maximum activation of NF-κB in response to ER stress. However, unlike canonical NFκB activation, IKK activity does not increase during ER stress, but rather the level of basal IKK activity is critical for determining the extent of NF-κB activation. Furthermore, a key UPR initiator, IRE1, acts to maintain IKK basal activity through IRE1's kinase, but not RNase, activity. Inputs from IRE1 and IKK, in combination with translation repression by PERK, another UPR initiator, lead to maximal NF-κB activation during the UPR. These interdependencies have a significant impact in cancer cells with elevated IKK/NF-κB activity such as renal cell carcinoma cells (786-0). Inhibition of IKK by an IKK inhibitor, which significantly decreases NF-κB activity, is overridden by UPR induction, arguing for the importance of considering UPR activation in cancer treatment.
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