Expanding the Monolayer Scope for Nucleic Acid-Based Electrochemical Sensors Beyond Thiols on Gold: Alkylphosphonic Acids on ITO.
Expanding the Monolayer Scope for Nucleic Acid-Based Electrochemical Sensors Beyond Thiols on Gold: Alkylphosphonic Acids on ITO.
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DOI：
10.1149/2754-2726/acc4d9
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发表时间：
2023-03-01
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电化学生物传感器是一种功能强大且发展迅速的分子监测技术。通过连续血糖监测仪在管理1型糖尿病方面的成功证明，这些传感器能够在未经处理的生物环境中进行精确，准确的测量。基于核酸的电化学传感器（NBE）是一种特定类型的生物传感器，其利用核酸的靶结合和构象动力学进行信号转导。目前，绝大多数NBE是通过烷基硫醇在Au电极上的自组装来制备的。然而，这种架构在范围上是有限的，因为Au电极并不是对于所有潜在的NBE应用都是通用的。在这里，为了扩大的剧目的材料上，NBE可以制作，我们描述了多步骤的程序，用于创建传感单层的烷基膦酸的导电氧化物表面上。使用这样的单层氧化铟锡（ITO）涂覆的载玻片上，我们夫妇氧化还原酶修饰的核酸，并证明在缓冲液和人血清中的普鲁卡因结合NBE传感器的信号。我们研究了这些NBE传感器的操作稳定性，以揭示相对于基准金载硫醇传感层更快的信号损失，这是由于底层ITO的稳定性差而导致的结果。最后，我们讨论了未来的发展方向，继续扩大NBE传感器材料和应用。
Electrochemical biosensors are a powerful and rapidly evolving molecular monitoring technology. Evidenced by the success of the continuous glucose monitor in managing Type 1 Diabetes, these sensors are capable of precise, accurate measurements in unprocessed biological environments. Nucleic acid-based electrochemical sensors (NBEs) are a specific type of biosensor that employs the target binding and conformational dynamics of nucleic acids for signal transduction. Currently, the vast majority of NBEs are fabricated via self-assembly of alkylthiols on Au electrodes. However, this architecture is limited in scope, as Au electrodes are not universally deployable for all potential NBE applications. Here, to expand the repertoire of materials on which NBEs can be made, we describe the multistep procedure for creating sensing monolayers of alkylphosphonic acids on a conductive oxide surface. Using such monolayers on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass slides, we couple redox reporter-modified nucleic acids and demonstrate signaling of procaine-binding NBE sensors in buffer and human serum. We investigate the operational stability of these NBE sensors to reveal faster signal loss relative to benchmark thiol-on-gold sensing layers, a result that arises due to poor stability of the underlying ITO. Finally, we discuss future directions to continue expansion of NBE sensor materials and applications.