The relationships of vascular plants
The relationships of vascular plants
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2000.0619
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发表时间：
2000-06-29
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Kenrick, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kenrick, P
最近的系统发育研究表明，维管植物是从苔藓植物样祖先进化而来的，这涉及到对生命周期的广泛修改。这些结论得到了一系列系统数据的支持，包括基因序列，以及来自比较形态学和化石记录的证据。在维管植物中，有令人信服的证据表明存在两个主要的分支，它们被称为石松类（棒状藓类）和幼枝类（种子植物、蕨类、马尾植物）。本文讨论了最近系统发育研究的意义，包括生命周期演化和陆地植物早期化石记录中地层不一致的解释。在维管植物进化的早期阶段，生命周期已经过了一个同构阶段。因此，所有现存维管植物的配子体的产生都是大量形态缩减的产物。系统发育研究证实了早期化石记录中存在的主要代表性偏见。巨型化石记录了与进化图拓扑学预测的不一致的群体的出现顺序。本文认为，植物巨化石的出现和多样化模式更多地归因于地质条件的变化，而不是生物多样性的快速变化。
Recent phylogenetic research indicates that vascular plants evolved from bryophyte-like ancestors and that this involved extensive modifications to the life cycle. These conclusions are supported by a range of systematic data, including gene sequences, as well as evidence from comparative morphology and the fossil record. Within vascular plants, there is compelling evidence for two major clades, which have been termed lycophytes (clubmosses) and euphyllophytes (seed plants, ferns, horsetails). The implications of recent phylogenetic work are discussed with reference to life cycle evolution and the interpretation of stratigraphic inconsistencies in the early fossil record of land plants. Life cycles are shown to have passed through an isomorphic phase in the early stages of vascular plant evolution. Thus, the gametophyte generation of all living vascular plants is the product of massive morphological reduction. Phylogenetic research corroborates earlier suggestions of a major representational bias in the early fossil record. Megafossils document a sequence of appearance of groups that is at odds with that predicted by cladogram topology. It is argued here that the pattern of appearance and diversification of plant megafossils owes more to changing geological conditions than to rapid biological diversification.