Interaction of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Temperature on Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) Growth and Fruit Yield
Interaction of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Temperature on Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) Growth and Fruit Yield
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二氧化碳浓度升高和温度的相互作用对草莓（Fragaria × ananassa）生长和果实产量的影响
DOI：
10.3126/ejdi.v37i1.63921
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Ajlouni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Balasooriya;K. Dassanayake;S. Seneweera;S. Ajlouni
随着气候条件的变化，大气CO2浓度[CO2]和环境温度的增加将对农业作物的产量和质量产生重大影响。上述两个环境变量对草莓生长、产量和品质的独立影响已被充分证明。超过最佳温度范围（20- 25 ℃）的较高温度会导致作物歉收，而[CO2]升高会刺激植物生长和产量，但会损害水果的物理质量。然而，这些变量之间的相互作用对植物生长，产量和品质的了解非常有限。因此，本研究旨在研究高温和高浓度CO2对草莓生长、产量和品质的交互作用。草莓品种“Albion”和“San Andreas”在受控环境生长室中在两种温度（25和30摄氏度）和三种[CO2]（400、650和950 µmol mol-1）的六种不同组合下生长。植物生长测量，如株高，冠层面积，花的数量，和果实产量进行了测定在物候期的发展。通过测定光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度与大气CO2浓度的比值（Ci/Ca）等指标来评价其对气候胁迫的生理适应。温度和CO2交互作用对草莓生长和产量的影响显著（p < 0.05）。在两个品种中，在650 µmol mol-1 [CO2]下观察到最高的果实产量，这在25°C下特别明显。在30°C下，所有处理组合下的果实产量逐渐降低。然而，光合速率在650 µmol mol-1 [CO2]时最高，但在900 µmol mol-1 [CO2]时没有发现增加。有趣的是，Ci/Ca比值随着大气[CO2]的增加而增加，这在高温下占主导地位。同样，果实产量大幅减少在高[CO2]在高温下。我们的研究结果表明，在高温下增加的Ci/Ca比可能会降低光合作用，从而产生对[CO2]升高的响应。
Increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration [CO2] and ambient temperature associated with changing climatic conditions will have significant impacts on agriculture crop productivity and quality. Independent effects of the above two environmental variables on the growth, yield and quality of strawberry were well documented. Higher temperatures over the optimum range (20-25oC) lead to crop failures, while elevated [CO2] stimulated plant growth and yield but compromised the physical quality of fruits. However, there is very limited understanding of the interaction between these variables on the plant growth, yield and quality. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the interactive effect of high temperature and elevated [CO2] on growth, yield and quality of strawberries. Strawberry cultivars ‘Albion’ and ‘San Andreas’ were grown under six different combinations of two temperatures (25 and 30oC) and three [CO2] (400, 650 and 950 µmol mol-1) in controlled-environmental growth chambers. Plant growth measurements such as plant height, canopy area, number of flowers, and fruit yield were measured during phonological development. Photosynthesis and transpiration, the ratio of intercellular to atmospheric [CO2] (Ci/Ca) were measured to estimate the physiological adjustment to climate stress. The impact of temperature and [CO2] interaction on growth and yield of strawberry was significant (p < 0.05). Across both cultivars, highest fruit yields were observed at 650 µmol mol-1 [CO2], which was particularly clear at 25°C. The fruit yield gradually decreased at 30°C under all the treatment combinations. However, photosynthesis rates were highest at 650 µmol mol-1 [CO2] but no increment was found at 900 µmol mol-1 [CO2]. Interestingly, Ci/Ca ratio increased with increasing atmospheric [CO2] which was predominant at high temperature. Similarly, fruit yield was substantially reduced at high [CO2] under high temperature. Our findings suggest that increased Ci/Ca ratio at high temperature is likely reduces the photosynthesis and thus yield response to elevated [CO2].