Measurement of Physical Activity in Children with Particular Reference to the Use of Heart Rate and Pedometry
Measurement of Physical Activity in Children with Particular Reference to the Use of Heart Rate and Pedometry
复制标题
儿童体力活动的测量，特别是心率和计步法的使用
作者：
A. Rowlands;R. Eston;D. Ingledew
了解从儿童到成年的身体活动行为的进展需要一个有效的，可靠的和实用的方法来评估活动水平，这是适合在大群体中使用。大型科研项目中体力活动的测量需要一种成本低、受试者满意、准确的方法。自我报告可以用来确定成人的活动模式，但儿童缺乏回忆其活动模式细节的认知能力。心率遥测已被用于估计儿童的日常活动作为唯一的标准，并验证商业加速度计。然而，心率是对身体活动的间接估计，其基于心率和摄氧量之间的线性关系做出假设。它对情绪压力和身体姿势很敏感，与吸氧相比，体力消耗后需要更长时间才能达到休息水平。它也落后于运动，特别是因为儿童的身体活动是痉挛性或间歇性的。另一种选择是计步器。许多早期的研究报告说，计步器在测量距离或计算步数时不准确和不可靠。虽然在中等范围速度下相当准确，但计步器的准确性在非常慢的步行或非常快的步行或跑步中降低。然而，最近的研究已经检查了使用计步器评估日常或每周活动模式的整体效果，这些研究产生了更有希望的结果。在这方面，计步器具有许多优点。它非常便宜，客观，不干扰日常活动，因此适合用于人口研究。带有时间采样机制的商业加速计提供了进一步的潜力，可用于提供儿童活动模式的图像。由于已经观察到延长的活动时间通常与儿童行为模式无关，因此使用“有氧”训练刺激的阈值作为身体活动的截止值是不合适的。相反，有证据表明，计步器在有限时间内测量的总活动数据可能更适合评估儿童的活跃程度。
SummaryUnderstanding the progression of physical activity behaviour from childhood to adulthood requires a valid, reliable and practical method of assessing activity levels which is appropriate for use in large groups. The measurement of physical activity in large scale research projects requires a method which is low in cost, agreeable to the study volunteer and accurate. Self-report can be used to determine adult activity patterns, but children lack the cognitive ability to recall details about their activity patterns. Heart rate telemetry has been used to estimate daily activity in children as a sole criterion and to validate commercial accelerometers. However, heart rate is an indirect estimate of physical activity which makes assumptions based on the linear relationship between heart rate and oxygen uptake. It is sensitive to emotional stress and body position, and takes longer to reach resting levels after physical exertion compared with oxygen uptake. It also lags behind movement, particularly as children’s physical activity is spasmodic or intermittent in nature. One alternative is the pedometer. Many early studies reported that the pedometer is inaccurate and unreliable in measuring distance or counting steps. While reasonably accurate at mid range speeds, the accuracy of the pedometer decreases in very slow walking or very fast walking or running. However, more recent studies have examined the efficacy of using pedometers to assess daily or weekly activity patterns as a whole, and these have produced more promising results. In this regard, the pedometer has a number of advantages. It is very cheap, objective and does not interfere with daily activities and is therefore appropriate for use in population studies. Commercial accelerometers with a time-sampling mechanism offer further potential and could be used to provide a picture of the pattern of children’s activity. As it has been observed that prolonged activity periods are not typically associated with childhood behaviour patterns, the use of a threshold value for ‘aerobic’ training stimulus is not appropriate as a cut-off value for physical activity. Instead, there is evidence to suggest that the total activity data measured by pedometers over limited periods of time may be more appropriate to assess how active children are.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
C. Caspersen;K. Powell;G. Christenson
通讯作者：
C. Caspersen;K. Powell;G. Christenson
通过加速度测量和自我报告测量儿童身体活动的稳定性。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1995
期刊：
Medicine and science in sports and exercise.
影响因子：
--
作者：
Janz,KF;Witt,J;Mahoney,LT
通讯作者：
Mahoney,LT
3、4 或 5 岁儿童心率监测的可靠性和变异性。
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Durant,RH;Baranowski,T;Davis,H;Thompson,WO;Puhl,J;Greaves,KA;Rhodes,T
通讯作者：
Rhodes,T
用于评估儿童身体活动的 CSA 加速度计的验证。
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Janz,KF
通讯作者：
Janz,KF
身体活动的一些客观指标的变化。
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Gretebeck,RJ;Montoye,HJ
通讯作者：
Montoye,HJ