Identifying the cellular mechanisms of symbiont-induced epithelial morphogenesis in the squid-Vibrio association.
Identifying the cellular mechanisms of symbiont-induced epithelial morphogenesis in the squid-Vibrio association.
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DOI：
10.1086/bblv226n1p56
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发表时间：
2014-02
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
McFall-Ngai M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Koropatnick T;Goodson MS;Heath-Heckman EA;McFall-Ngai M
夏威夷短尾鱿鱼Euprymna candiopes和发光的海洋细菌费氏弧菌之间的共生关系提供了一个独特的机会，研究上皮形态发生。孵化后不久，鱿鱼宿主利用幼鱼光器官表面两个精心制作的纤毛上皮细胞领域产生的电流从海水中收获细菌。在轻器官定植后，共生体群体通过细胞凋亡发出纤毛上皮细胞逐渐丧失的信号，这最终导致这些组织的完全退化。虽然这一过程的各个方面已经在形态学，生物化学和分子水平上进行了研究，但尚未报道对细胞事件的深入分析。在这里，我们描述了上皮领域的细胞结构，并提出证据表明，共生引起的回归发生在两个步骤。使用共聚焦显微镜分析，我们观察到一个初始的上皮重塑，这有助于禁用的功能的收获装置，随后由一个旷日持久的回归涉及肌动蛋白重排和上皮细胞挤出。我们确定了金属依赖性明胶活性的共生体诱导的形态发生上皮领域，这表明锌依赖性基质金属蛋白酶（S）（MMP）的参与轻器官形态发生。这些数据表明，细菌共生体不仅诱导细胞凋亡的领域，但也改变了形式，功能和生物化学的细胞的形态发生程序的一部分。
The symbiotic association between the Hawaiian bobtail squid Euprymna scolopes and the luminous marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri provides a unique opportunity to study epithelial morphogenesis. Shortly after hatching, the squid host harvests bacteria from the seawater using currents created by two elaborate fields of ciliated epithelia on the surface of the juvenile light organ. After light organ colonization, the symbiont population signals the gradual loss of the ciliated epithelia through apoptosis of the cells, which culminates in the complete regression of these tissues. Whereas aspects of this process have been studied at the morphological, biochemical and molecular levels, no in-depth analysis of the cellular events has been reported. Here we describe the cellular structure of the epithelial field and present evidence that the symbiosis-induced regression occurs in two steps. Using confocal microscopic analyses, we observed an initial epithelial remodeling, which serves to disable the function of the harvesting apparatus, followed by a protracted regression involving actin rearrangements and epithelial cell extrusion. We identified a metal-dependent gelatinolytic activity in the symbiont-induced morphogenic epithelial fields, suggesting the involvement of Zn-dependent matrix metalloproteinase(s) (MMP) in light organ morphogenesis. These data show that the bacterial symbionts not only induce apoptosis of the field, but also change the form, function and biochemistry of the cells as part of the morphogenic program.