PKR Binds Enterovirus IRESs, Displaces Host Translation Factors, and Impairs Viral Translation to Enable Innate Antiviral Signaling.
PKR Binds Enterovirus IRESs, Displaces Host Translation Factors, and Impairs Viral Translation to Enable Innate Antiviral Signaling.
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For RNA virus families except Picornaviridae, viral RNA sensing includes Toll-like receptors and/or RIG-I. Picornavirus RNAs, whose 5′ termini are shielded by a genome-linked protein, are predominately recognized by MDA5. This has important ramifications for adaptive immunity, as MDA5-specific patterns of type-I interferon (IFN) release are optimal for CD4+T cell TH1 polarization and CD8+T cell priming. We are exploiting this principle for cancer immunotherapy with recombinant poliovirus (PV), PVSRIPO, the type 1 (Sabin) PV vaccine containing a rhinovirus type 2 internal ribosomal entry site (IRES). Here we show that PVSRIPO-elicited MDA5 signaling is preceded by early sensing of the IRES by the double-stranded (ds)RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR). PKR binding to IRES stem-loop domains 5–6 led to dimerization and autoactivation, displaced host translation initiation factors, and suppressed viral protein synthesis. Early PKR-mediated antiviral responses tempered incipient viral translation and the activity of cytopathogenic viral proteinases, setting up accentuated MDA5 innate inflammation in response to PVSRIPO infection.
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影响因子:
17.1
作者:
Brown MC;Holl EK;Boczkowski D;Dobrikova E;Mosaheb M;Chandramohan V;Bigner DD;Gromeier M;Nair SK
通讯作者:
Nair SK
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0403998101
发表时间:
2004-09-14
影响因子:
11.1
作者:
Dufresne, AT;Gromeier, M
通讯作者:
Gromeier, M
影响因子:
12.4
作者:
Goetz, Christian;Everson, Richard G.;Gromeier, Matthias
通讯作者:
Gromeier, Matthias
影响因子:
5.4
作者:
Gromeier, M;Bossert, B;Wimmer, E
通讯作者:
Wimmer, E
影响因子:
5.4
作者:
Brown, Michael C.;Dobrikov, Mikhail I.;Gromeier, Matthias
通讯作者:
Gromeier, Matthias