Overview of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) experimental design and organization
Overview of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) experimental design and organization
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DOI：
10.5194/gmd-9-1937-2016
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Taylor, Karl E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eyring, Veronika;Bony, Sandrine;Taylor, Karl E.
通过协调过去、现在和未来气候的全球气候模式模拟的设计和分发，耦合模式比较项目(CMIP)已经成为气候科学的基本要素之一。然而，由于需要解决越来越多的研究界提出的范围不断扩大的科学问题，因此有必要修改CMIP的组织结构。经过长时间和广泛的社区协商，一个新的、更联邦化的结构已经到位。它由三个主要部分组成：(1)将保持连续性并帮助记录跨CMIP不同阶段的模型基本特征的几个共同实验、甲板(Klima的诊断、评估和表征)和CMIP历史模拟(1850年至今)；(2)将促进模型输出的分配和模型集合的表征的共同标准、协调、基础设施和文件；以及(3)CMIP认可的模型间比较项目(MIP)的集合，这些项目将专门针对CMIP的特定阶段(现为CMIP6)，并将建立在甲板和CMIP历史模拟的基础上，以解决广泛的具体问题并填补以前CMIP阶段的科学空白。甲板和CMIP历史模拟，以及CMIP数据标准的使用，将成为参加CMIP的模型的入门卡片。各模特组是否参加CMIP6认可的MIP将由他们自己决定，并将取决于他们的科学兴趣和优先事项。以世界气候研究计划(WCRP)的大科学挑战(WCRP)为科学背景，CMIP6将解决三个广泛的问题：-地球系统如何对强迫做出反应？-系统模型偏差的起源和后果是什么？-我们如何在考虑到内部气候可变性、可预测性和情景中的不确定性的情况下评估未来的气候变化？这篇CMIP6概述文件介绍了CMIP6新结构的背景和基本原理，提供了对甲板和CMIP6历史模拟的详细描述，并包括对21个CMIP6认可的MIP的简要介绍。
By coordinating the design and distribution of global climate model simulations of the past, current, and future climate, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) has become one of the foundational elements of climate science. However, the need to address an ever-expanding range of scientific questions arising from more and more research communities has made it necessary to revise the organization of CMIP. After a long and wide community consultation, a new and more federated structure has been put in place. It consists of three major elements: (1) a handful of common experiments, the DECK (Diagnostic, Evaluation and Characterization of Klima) and CMIP historical simulations (1850-near present) that will maintain continuity and help document basic characteristics of models across different phases of CMIP; (2) common standards, coordination, infrastructure, and documentation that will facilitate the distribution of model outputs and the characterization of the model ensemble; and (3) an ensemble of CMIP-Endorsed Model Intercomparison Projects (MIPs) that will be specific to a particular phase of CMIP (now CMIP6) and that will build on the DECK and CMIP historical simulations to address a large range of specific questions and fill the scientific gaps of the previous CMIP phases. The DECK and CMIP historical simulations, together with the use of CMIP data standards, will be the entry cards for models participating in CMIP. Participation in CMIP6-Endorsed MIPs by individual modelling groups will be at their own discretion and will depend on their scientific interests and priorities. With the Grand Science Challenges of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) as its scientific backdrop, CMIP6 will address three broad questions:- How does the Earth system respond to forcing?- What are the origins and consequences of systematic model biases?- How can we assess future climate changes given internal climate variability, predictability, and uncertainties in scenarios?This CMIP6 overview paper presents the background and rationale for the new structure of CMIP, provides a detailed description of the DECK and CMIP6 historical simulations, and includes a brief introduction to the 21 CMIP6-Endorsed MIPs.