Assessing the generality of strategy optimization across distinct attentional tasks.
Assessing the generality of strategy optimization across distinct attentional tasks.
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评估跨不同注意力任务的策略优化的普遍性。
DOI：
10.1037/xhp0001004
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Leber, Andrew B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Walden Y.;McKinney, Molly R.;Irons, Jessica L.;Leber, Andrew B.
个体在注意力任务中优化表现的程度上存在很大差异。这些注意力策略的个体标记在不同的任务中是如何联系起来的？先前的研究未能观察到不同视觉搜索任务之间策略优化的显著相关性（Clarke et al., 2022）；这表明策略优化不是单一的，也不是由单个性状变量决定的。在这里，我们测试策略优化是否显示出一定程度的普遍性，特别是在具有相似注意力成分的任务中。我们采用了自适应选择视觉搜索（ACVS; Irons & Leber, 2018a），这是一种旨在直接测量注意力控制策略的视觉搜索范式。在2项研究中，我们让参与者完成ACVS和一个修改过的，但类似的任务，其中一个改变了注意成分（具体来说，分别要求使用基于特征的注意和枚举）。我们发现，在策略优化方面，有和没有涉及基于特征的注意的任务之间存在正相关(r=。38岁的p =。0068)以及需要枚举和不需要枚举的任务之间(r=。33岁的p =。018)。这些结果为策略优化的通用性提供了新的证据，尽管相关性的强度弱于策略测量的任务内测试-重测信度。因此，尽管存在一些通用性，但策略优化似乎是相当异构的。
Individuals vary substantially in the degree to which they optimize their performance in attentional tasks. How do such individual markers of attentional strategy relate across different tasks? Previous research has failed to observe significant correlations in strategy optimization between distinct visual search tasks (Clarke et al., 2022); suggesting that strategy optimization is not unitary, or determined by a single trait variable. Here we test whether strategy optimization shows some degree of generality, specifically across tasks with similar attentional components. We employed the Adaptive Choice Visual Search (ACVS; Irons & Leber, 2018a), a visual search paradigm designed to directly measure attentional control strategy. In 2 studies, we had participants complete the ACVS and a modified, but similar, task with 1 altered attentional component (specifically, the requirement to use feature-based attention and enumeration, respectively). We found positive correlations in strategy optimization between tasks that do versus do not involve feature-based attention (r=. 38, p=. 0068) and across tasks that do versus do not require enumeration (r=. 33, p=. 018). These results provide novel evidence for generality of strategy optimization, although the strength of the correlations was weaker than the within-task test–retest reliability of strategy measurements. Thus, while some generality exists, strategy optimization appears to be quite heterogeneous.