Mode of inheritance in fruit acidity in apple analysed with a mixed model of a major gene and polygenes using large complex pedigree
Mode of inheritance in fruit acidity in apple analysed with a mixed model of a major gene and polygenes using large complex pedigree
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0523.2011.01932.x
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Abe, Kazuyuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iwanami, Hiroshi;Moriya, Shigeki;Abe, Kazuyuki
苹果果实酸度是决定其商品性的重要指标。为了揭示果实酸度的遗传模式并估计遗传参数，我们使用来自苹果育种计划的群体进行分离分析。四种模式（混合，孟德尔，多基因和环境）进行了比较，以找到最可能的酸度遗传模式。用主基因和多基因的混合模型较好地解释了群体酸度的表型变异。主基因AA、Aa和aa的基因型值分别为0.45、0.52和0.92 g/100 ml。纯合子（AA）和杂合子（Aa）的值非常接近，且低于另一个纯合子（aa）的值，表明主基因的一个等位基因具有完全显性的降酸功能。在混合模型中，考虑主基因后的遗传力估计值较高，为0.43。这意味着，即使去除主基因的影响，酸度也会因多基因的影响而大幅波动。具有足够酸度的后代的比例差异很大，这取决于哪种基因型用作杂交的亲本。因此，在杂交前了解亲本品种的基因型非常重要。
Fruit acidity is an important characteristic to determine the marketability of apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.). To reveal the mode of inheritance in fruit acidity and to estimate the genetic parameters, we performed segregation analysis using a population from an apple breeding programme. Four models (mixed, Mendelian, polygenic and environmental) were compared to find the most likely mode of the inheritance of acidity. The phenotypic variance of acidity in the population was properly explained using a mixed model of a major gene and polygenes. The genotypic values of the major gene (AA, Aa and aa) were estimated to be 0.45, 0.52 and 0.92 g/100 ml in titratable acidity, respectively. The values of the homozygote (AA) and the heterozygote (Aa) were very close and lower than that of the other homozygote (aa), indicating that an allele of the major gene appeared to have complete dominance with a function of lowering acidity. The estimate of the heritability after accounting for the major gene was moderately high, 0.43, in the mixed model. This means that even with removal of the effect of the major gene, acidity could fluctuate considerably by the effect of polygenes. The proportions of progeny with adequate acidity differed greatly, depending on which genotype was used as parents for the crossing. Therefore, it is very important to know the genotypes of parental cultivars before crossing.