CHARIS science: performance simulations for the Subaru Telescope's third-generation of exoplanet imaging instrumentation-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1117/12.2057256

发表时间：

2014-07

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其他

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作者：

Timothy D. Brandt;M. McElwain;M. Janson;G. Knapp;K. Mede;M. Limbach;T. Groff;A. Burrows;J. Gunn;O. Guyon;J. Hashimoto;M. Hayashi;N. Jovanovic;N. Kasdin;M. Kuzuhara;R. Lupton;F. Martinache;S. Sorahana;D. Spiegel;N. Takato;M. Tamura;E. Turner;R. Vanderbei;J. Wisniewski

我们描述了目前正在为斯巴鲁望远镜建造的高对比度积分场光谱仪Charis的预期科学能力。Charis是新一代仪器的一部分，由极端自适应光学(AO)系统(包括斯巴鲁的SCExao)实现，由于它们能够使用光谱信息区分行星和恒星点扩散函数(PSF)中的准静态斑点，因此有望在小角度间隔时极大地改善对比度。Charis在概念上类似于GPI和SPHERE，分别位于双子座南部和甚大望远镜上，但其独特之处在于它能够以低分辨率模式同时覆盖整个近红外J、H和K波段。这种非常宽的波长覆盖范围将使光谱差分成像能够精确到几个λ/D的角度间隔，对应于~0“.1。SCExao还将在类似间隔下提供接近10-5的对比度，~0“.1-0”.2。Charis调查的发现产量将取决于大约10AU处的系外行星分布函数。如果径向速度测量发现的行星的分布不变到~20AU，那么对现有高对比度仪器瞄准的约200颗附近恒星的观测可能会发现约1-3颗行星。仔细优化目标样品可以将这一产率提高几倍，而在几个AU的频率上升也可以增加检测的数量。拥有较高光谱分辨率模式R~75的Charis也将是描述行星和棕矮星的最佳仪器之一，如HR8799CDE和κ和b。

We describe the expected scientific capabilities of CHARIS, a high-contrast integral-field spectrograph (IFS) currently under construction for the Subaru telescope. CHARIS is part of a new generation of instruments, enabled by extreme adaptive optics (AO) systems (including SCExAO at Subaru), that promise greatly improved contrasts at small angular separation thanks to their ability to use spectral information to distinguish planets from quasistatic speckles in the stellar point-spread function (PSF). CHARIS is similar in concept to GPI and SPHERE, on Gemini South and the Very Large Telescope, respectively, but will be unique in its ability to simultaneously cover the entire near-infrared J, H, and K bands with a low-resolution mode. This extraordinarily broad wavelength coverage will enable spectral differential imaging down to angular separations of a few λ/D, corresponding to ~0".1. SCExAO will also offer contrast approaching 10-5 at similar separations, ~0".1–0".2. The discovery yield of a CHARIS survey will depend on the exoplanet distribution function at around 10 AU. If the distribution of planets discovered by radial velocity surveys extends unchanged to ~20 AU, observations of ~200 mostly young, nearby stars targeted by existing high-contrast instruments might find ~1–3 planets. Carefully optimizing the target sample could improve this yield by a factor of a few, while an upturn in frequency at a few AU could also increase the number of detections. CHARIS, with a higher spectral resolution mode of R ~ 75, will also be among the best instruments to characterize planets and brown dwarfs like HR 8799 cde and κ and b.

CHARIS science: performance simulations for the Subaru Telescope's third-generation of exoplanet imaging instrumentation

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