DISPERSAL PATTERNS OF SAN JOAQUIN KIT FOXES
DISPERSAL PATTERNS OF SAN JOAQUIN KIT FOXES
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圣华金狐的扩散模式
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. H. Scrivner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Koopman;B. Cypher;J. H. Scrivner
我们调查了分散模式的圣华金基特狐狸（狐macrotis mutica）的海军石油储备，加州。在1980-1996年监测的209只幼年赤狐中，33%从纳塔尔地分散。显著更多的男性（49.4%）比女性（23.8%）分散，分散高峰在7月。分散的男性往往比肥胖的男性重;肥胖的女性明显比分散的女性重。表示为所有青少年监测的百分比，年度扩散范围从0%至79%的男性，0%至50%的女性，和0%至52%的所有狐狸。男性扩散的百分比是弱相关的平均年产仔数（r2 = 0.27），和女性扩散的百分比是弱负相关的小哺乳动物丰度的年度指数（r2 = 0.46）。大多数（65.2%）分散的青少年在离开纳塔尔范围后的-10天内死亡。分散男性的生存率往往高于philopatric男性，但分散和philopatric女性之间相似。60%的存活到繁殖年龄的狐狸繁殖，除了分散的雌性，没有一只繁殖。同种父母的照顾没有考虑到性别偏见的传播工具箱狐狸。辅助成人偶尔观察到交配对，但没有观察到帮助行为。赤狐的扩散模式可能是一个功能的先天性别偏见的扩散改变了物理和生物压力。
We investigated dispersal patterns of San Joaquin kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis mutica) on the Naval Petroleum Reserves, California. Of 209 juvenile kit foxes monitored during 1980-1996, 33% dispersed from their natal territory. Significantly more males (49.4%) than females (23.8%) dispersed, and dispersal peaked in July. Dispersing males tended to be heavier than philopatric males; philopatric females were significantly heavier than dispersing females. Expressed as a percentage of all juveniles monitored, annual dispersal ranged from 0% to 79% for males, 0% to 50% for females, and 0% to 52% for all foxes. Percentage of male dispersal was related weakly to mean annual litter size (r2 = 0.27), and percentage of female dispersal was weakly and inversely related to annual indices of smallmammal abundance (r2 = 0.46). Most (65.2%) dispersing juveniles died within -10 days of leaving their natal range. Survival tended to be higher for dispersing males than for philopatric males but was similar between dispersing and philopatric females. Sixty percent of all foxes that survived to breeding age reproduced except among dispersing females, none of which reproduced. Alloparental care did not account for sex-biased dispersal in kit foxes. Auxiliary adults were observed occasionally with mated pairs, but helping behavior was not observed. Dispersal patterns of kit foxes may be a function of innate sex-biased dispersal altered by physical and biological pressures.