Evolution of Neuropeptide Precursors in Polyneoptera (Insecta)
Evolution of Neuropeptide Precursors in Polyneoptera (Insecta)
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DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2020.00197
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发表时间：
2020-04-15
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Predel, Reinhard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Blaeser, Marcel;Predel, Reinhard
神经肽是结构最多样化的信号分子之一，参与从神经传递到内源性或外源性神经调节的细胞间信息传递。许多肽能系统有一个非常古老的起源，可以追溯到后生动物的早期进化。近年来，由于基因组和转录组数据的增加，促进了对完整神经肽前体序列的研究，对这些肽能系统的进化产生了新的见解。本研究利用来自1KITE计划的约200个物种的综合转录组数据，研究了多翅目单拷贝神经肽前体的进化。这一类群包括众所周知的目，如蟑螂、白蚁、蝗虫和竹节虫。由于它们在昆虫中的系统发育位置和大量的古老谱系，这些昆虫是研究昆虫神经肽及其前体进化的理想候选者。我们的分析包括21个单拷贝神经肽前体的同源物，即ACP、allatotropin、AST-CC、AST-CCC、CCAP、CCHamide-1和2、CNMamide、corazonin、CRF-DH、CT-DH、elevenin、HanSolin、NPF-1和2、MS、proctolin、RFLamide、SIFamide、sNPF和trissin。根据所获得的序列，讨论了不同多新翼龙谱系之间和内部的序列保守程度。此外，这些数据被用来假设4亿多年前昆虫出现时存在的单个神经肽序列。这些数据证实了多翅目不同神经肽之间的序列保守程度有显著差异。此外，单拷贝神经肽的平均进化距离在多翅目之间存在显著差异。尽管如此，多翅目的单拷贝神经肽前体显示出相对高度的序列保守性。本文首次详细阐述了这一异质性昆虫类群中前体的基本特征。
Neuropeptides are among the structurally most diverse signaling molecules and participate in intercellular information transfer from neurotransmission to intrinsic or extrinsic neuromodulation. Many of the peptidergic systems have a very ancient origin that can be traced back to the early evolution of the Metazoa. In recent years, new insights into the evolution of these peptidergic systems resulted from the increasing availability of genome and transcriptome data which facilitated the investigation of the complete neuropeptide precursor sequences. Here we used a comprehensive transcriptome dataset of about 200 species from the 1KITE initiative to study the evolution of single-copy neuropeptide precursors in Polyneoptera. This group comprises well-known orders such as cockroaches, termites, locusts, and stick insects. Due to their phylogenetic position within the insects and the large number of old lineages, these insects are ideal candidates for studying the evolution of insect neuropeptides and their precursors. Our analyses include the orthologs of 21 single-copy neuropeptide precursors, namely ACP, allatotropin, AST-CC, AST-CCC, CCAP, CCHamide-1 and 2, CNMamide, corazonin, CRF-DH, CT-DH, elevenin, HanSolin, NPF-1 and 2, MS, proctolin, RFLamide, SIFamide, sNPF, and trissin. Based on the sequences obtained, the degree of sequence conservation between and within the different polyneopteran lineages is discussed. Furthermore, the data are used to postulate the individual neuropeptide sequences that were present at the time of the insect emergence more than 400 million years ago. The data confirm that the extent of sequence conservation across Polyneoptera is remarkably different between the different neuropeptides. Furthermore, the average evolutionary distance for the single-copy neuropeptides differs significantly between the polyneopteran orders. Nonetheless, the single-copy neuropeptide precursors of the Polyneoptera show a relatively high degree of sequence conservation. Basic features of these precursors in this very heterogeneous insect group are explained here in detail for the first time.