Brazil's football warriors: Social bonding and inter-group violence
Brazil's football warriors: Social bonding and inter-group violence
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DOI：
10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2018.06.010
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Whitehouse, Harvey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Newson, Martha;Bortolini, Tiago;Whitehouse, Harvey
足球暴力（足球流氓）是一个全球性的问题。以前的研究提出流氓行为是社会失调的表现。在这里，我们测试一个替代假设，流氓行为通常是由一个狭隘的形式的亲社会性，其进化的起源可能在于群间袭击和战争的动机。在一项对巴西足球迷（N = 465）的调查中，结果表明，球迷暴力是由强烈的社会凝聚力（身份融合）与慢性外群体威胁的看法相结合而形成的。相比之下，适应不良与过去与足球有关的暴力行为或对未来暴力行为的认可无关。我们的研究结果表明，为了减少流氓行为和其他形式的群体间暴力，可以努力以更和平的方式利用与身份融合相关的极端亲群体情绪。
Football-related violence (hooliganism) is a global problem. Previous work has proposed that hooliganism is an expression of social maladjustment. Here we test an alternative hypothesis, that hooliganism is typically motivated by a parochial form of prosociality, the evolutionary origins of which may lie in intergroup raiding and warfare. In a survey of Brazilian football fans (N = 465), results suggest that fan violence is fostered by intense social cohesion (identity fusion) combined with perceptions of chronic outgroup threats. In contrast, maladjustment is unrelated to indices of past acts of football-related violence or endorsement of future violence. Our results suggest that to reduce hooliganism and other forms of inter-group violence, efforts could be made to harness the extreme pro-group sentiments associated with identity fusion in more peaceful ways.