Secrets and Misperceptions: The Creation of Self-Fulfilling Illusions
Secrets and Misperceptions: The Creation of Self-Fulfilling Illusions
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DOI：
10.15195/v1.a26
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Cowan, Sarah K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cowan, Sarah K.
这项研究调查了谁听到了什么秘密，比较了两个相似的秘密-一个被高度污蔑，另一个不那么被污名化。通过对美国成年人进行的一项独特的调查和一家医疗诊所的入院表格，我记录了听取这些秘密的人的显著差异。与那些可能做出负面反应的人相比，那些同情这一污名化秘密的人更有可能听说它。这是人们不仅有选择地透露自己的秘密，而且也有选择地分享他人秘密的结果。因此，同一社交网络中的人们将接触到他们认识的人的不同信息并受到其影响，从而以不同的方式体验该网络。当人们有效地存在于其他人为不冒犯而定制的网络中时，他们听到的信息往往是他们已经认可的信息。如果他们听到了他们不赞成的秘密，那么他们的态度可能会改变，但他们不太可能听到这些秘密。因此，秘密听证的模式导致了舆论的停滞。
This study examines who hears what secrets, comparing two similar secrets-one that is highly stigmatized and one that is less so. Using a unique survey representative of American adults and intake forms from a medical clinic, I document marked differences in who hears these secrets. People who are sympathetic to the stigmatizing secret are more likely to hear of it than those who may react negatively. This is a consequence of people not just selectively disclosing their own secrets but selectively sharing others' as well. As a result, people in the same social network will be exposed to and influenced by different information about those they know and hence experience that network differently. When people effectively exist in networks tailored by others not to offend, then the information they hear tends to be that of which they already approve. Were they to hear secrets they disapproved of, then their attitudes might change, but they are less likely to hear those secrets. As such, the patterns of secret hearing contribute to a stasis in public opinion.