An Immodest Proposal: Pedagogic Information Supports for Teachers
An Immodest Proposal: Pedagogic Information Supports for Teachers
复制标题
一个不谦虚的建议：为教师提供教学信息支持
作者：
E. Rothkopf
背景/背景对教学质量的担忧引发了疯狂的改革努力，包括学校治理、教师招聘和课程的变化，教学理念和程序的修改，更严格的问责管理，以及对科学研究信息和指导的要求增加。这些努力带来了很大的希望，但回报不大。我们在培养有才华的学生方面取得了中等的成功，但在许多其他学生方面却惨败。科学和数学教学是我们最关键的弱点之一。工作场所和社会对有技术能力的人的迫切需求要求及早解除我们在教育方面的不适。目的/焦点这篇文章探讨了我们如何利用美国教育系统的巨大规模来改进教学。尽管政策制定者一直对这一事实视而不见，但成千上万的学校年复一年地教授同一科目，数千名教师面临着非常相似的教学任务。他们的努力规模巨大，再加上数字设备在教育方面的进步，为教师提供满足他们共同需求的强大工具是明智的，在经济上也是可行的。我们研究了这种数字教学工具的需求和可能的配置及其用途，并做出了一些成本估计。研究设计这是一篇分析性的文章。结论/建议建议投入大量技术和财政资源，为缺少合格教师的关键课程或学科开发教学信息支持系统。这些系统应该足够全面，以涵盖一个合理的教师可能包括的所有核心组成部分，以及工具性教学要素。APIS被认为是组织松散、高度冗余的集合，以多种多样的数字形式，包括解释、演示、模拟、互动练习、问题、例子、阐述、综合论述和动机支持，以及一个深刻的、可搜索的信息库。针对特定课程的API将足以支持经验不足的教师和熟练的退伍军人，并可用于受监控的班级小组和受监控的个人学生。可以预期，API将为实践教师教育提供新的机会，并刺激和协调教学研究。
Background/Context Concerns about instructional quality have unleashed a frenzy of reform efforts, including changes in school governance, teacher recruitment, and curriculum, modification of teaching philosophies and procedures, stricter accountability management, and increased quests for scientific research information and guidance. These efforts have resulted in much hope but modest returns. We have middling success in educating our talented students and fail catastrophically with many others. Science and mathematics instruction are among our most critical weak spots. Urgent demand for technically competent people in the workplace and society calls for early relief from our educational discomforts. Purpose/Focus The essay examines how we can take advantage of the colossal scale of the American educational system to improve instruction. Although policy makers have persistently turned away from the fact, the same subject matter is taught in thousands of schools, year after year, and thousands of teachers face very similar instructional tasks. The huge scale of their efforts, coupled with progress in the instructive uses of digital devices, makes it sensible and economically feasible to provide teachers with powerful tools to serve their common needs. We examine requirements and possible configurations for such digital instructional tools and their uses, and we make some cost estimates. Research Design This is an analytic essay. Conclusions/Recommendations Substantial investment of technical and financial resources is proposed for the development of a pedagogic information support system (APIS) for critical courses or subject matter in which competent teachers are in short supply. These systems should be sufficiently comprehensive to cover all core components that a reasonable teacher might include, as well as instrumentally pedagogic elements. APISs are seen as loosely organized, highly redundant collections, in polymorphic digital forms, of explanations, demonstrations, simulations, interactive exercises, problems, examples, elaborations, integrative expositions, and motivational supports, as well as a deep, searchable information base. An APIS for a particular course would be sufficient to support inexperienced teachers and skillful veterans and could be used both with monitored class groups and supervised individual students. APIS can be expected to provide new opportunities for practical teacher education and to stimulate and coordinate instructional research.