Use of sorghum allelopathic properties to control weeds in irrigated wheat in a semi arid region of Punjab
Use of sorghum allelopathic properties to control weeds in irrigated wheat in a semi arid region of Punjab
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DOI：
10.1016/s0167-8809(99)00140-1
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发表时间：
2000-07-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Khaliq, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheema, ZA;Khaliq, A
传统的杂草控制方法依赖于天气、成本高且劳动强度大。滥用化学品控制杂草可能会造成环境问题。高粱化感作用是一项新技术，已被测试用于控制小麦杂草，作为化学除草剂的替代品，以减少环境污染。成熟的高粱草本植物含有多种水溶性次生化学物质（化感物质）。高粱化感作用可用作高粱（成熟高粱植物在水中浸泡24小时后获得的水提取物并喷洒作为天然除草剂）、高粱覆盖物、高粱土壤掺入和作物轮作。进行了两个实验。在实验1中，研究了高粱秆掺入土壤和高粱叶面喷洒以及化学和栽培杂草控制方法对不同狂犬病（冬季）杂草生长以及小麦生长和产量的化感作用。实验2中，将sorgaab喷洒浓度（5%和10%）和频率对杂草和小麦生长的影响与手工除草和化学除草剂进行了比较。 Sorgaab 控制了高达 35-49% 的杂草，并使小麦产量提高了 10-21%。播种时将成熟高粱切碎的牧草（2-6 毫克 ha(-1)）掺入土壤中，可控制高达 40-50% 的杂草，并使小麦产量提高 15%。播种后 30 天和 60 天两次叶面喷施 10% 玉米穗根是控制小麦杂草最经济的方法，其净效益最大，边际回报率为 535%。通过手工除草和/或化学除草剂控制杂草被发现是不经济的，因为这两种情况都涉及较高的成本。 Sorgaab 可用作小麦的天然杂草抑制剂。 (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. 保留所有权利。
Conventional methods of weed control are weather dependent, costly and labour intensive. Indiscriminate use of chemicals for controlling weeds may pose environmental problems. Sorghum allelopathy is a new technique, which has been tested for controlling weeds of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as a substitute for chemical herbicides to reduce environmental pollution. Mature sorghum herbage contains a number of water-soluble secondary chemical substances (allelochemicals). Sorghum allelopathy can be used as sorgaab (water extract of mature Sorghum bicolor L. Moench plants obtained after soaking in water for 24 h and sprayed as a natural herbicide), sorghum mulch, sorghum soil incorporation and in crop rotation. Two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, allelopathic effects of sorghum stalk incorporation into soil and sorgaab foliar spray along with chemical and cultural weed control methods on the growth of different rabi (winter) weeds and on the growth and yield of wheat were studied. In Experiment 2, the effects of concentration (5 and 10%) and frequency of sprays of sorgaab on the growth of weeds and wheat were compared with hand weeding and chemical herbicides. Sorgaab controlled up to 35-49% weeds and increased wheat yield by 10-21%. Mature sorghum chopped herbage (2-6 Mg ha(-1)) incorporated in the soil at sowing controlled up to 40-50% weeds and increased wheat yield by 15%. Two foliar sprays of 10% sorgaab at 30 and 60 days after sowing was the most economical method for controlling weeds in wheat with maximum net benefits and 535% marginal rate of return. Weed control through hand weeding and/or chemical herbicides was found to be uneconomical due to higher costs involved in both the cases. Sorgaab can be used as a natural weed inhibitor in wheat. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.