Non-parental Childcare Services and Time Allocation of Mothers with Young Children in China
Non-parental Childcare Services and Time Allocation of Mothers with Young Children in China
复制标题
中国非亲职托儿服务及带幼儿母亲的时间分配
作者：
刘靖;Qi Liangshu;Xiong Yanyan
本研究探讨了有偿和无偿托儿服务的可及性和可负担性对0-6岁儿童母亲时间分配的影响。我们采用“固定效应看似不相关回归”模型对2004 - 2011年中国健康与营养调查纵向数据进行分析，当时中国女性就业率迅速下降。我们发现，在控制其他决定因素的情况下，保姆的日工资和托儿中心的学费翻一番，往往会使母亲每周的市场工作时间分别减少5.2和1.3小时，并使她每周花在家务上的时间分别增加1.7和0.5小时。与年长的女性亲戚住在一起的母亲每周花在照顾孩子上的时间会减少5.5小时。进入当地托儿机构可以使母亲每周花在托儿上的时间减少13.3小时，而这些母亲的工资水平对她们的时间分配没有影响。
This study explores the impact of access to and affordability of paid and unpaid childcare services on the time allocation of mothers with children aged 0–6. We employ a “fixed-effect seemingly unrelated regression” model on longitudinal China Health and Nutrition Survey data from 2004 to 2011, when female employment in China was declining rapidly. We find that controlling for other determinants, doubling the daily wages of nannies and the tuition fees of childcare centers tend to reduce a mother’s market work time by 5.2 and 1.3 hours per week and increases her time spent on housework by 1.7 and 0.5 hours per week, respectively. Mothers who live with an older, female relative spend 5.5 hours less per week on childcare. Access to local childcare institutes decreases maternal time spent on childcare by 13.3 hours per week, and these mothers’ wage rates have no effect on their time allocation.