First source-to-sink monitoring shows dense head controls sediment flux and runout in turbidity currents.
First source-to-sink monitoring shows dense head controls sediment flux and runout in turbidity currents.
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.abj3220
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发表时间：
2022-05-20
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Vendettuoli, Daniela
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pope, Ed L.;Cartigny, Matthieu J. B.;Clare, Michael A.;Talling, Peter J.;Lintern, D. Gwyn;Vellinga, Age;Hage, Sophie;Acikalin, Sanem;Bailey, Lewis;Chapplow, Natasha;Chen, Ye;Eggenhuisen, Joris T.;Hendry, Alison;Heerema, Catharina J.;Heijnen, Maarten S.;Hubbard, Stephen M.;Hunt, James E.;McGhee, Claire;Parsons, Daniel R.;Simmons, Stephen M.;Stacey, Cooper D.;Vendettuoli, Daniela
直到最近，尽管浊流是地球上最重要的沉积物搬运现象之一，但对其直接测量却很少。因此，人们对其结构和演化了解甚少，尤其是不清楚它们是高密度还是低密度的。在此，我们分析了迄今为止从源头到汇水区监测到的数量最多的浊流。我们展示了它们在流动过程中沉积物搬运和内部流特征的演化。观测到的前端区域（头部）速度快（>1.5米/秒）、厚度薄（<10米）、密度大（深度平均浓度高达38%体积比）、分层明显，且以颗粒间相互作用为主；或者速度较慢（<1米/秒）、密度低（<0.01%体积比），并与支撑沉积物的湍流充分混合。在这两种极端情况之间，存在一种过渡性的流头部。流主体通常较厚、速度慢、密度低且混合充分。具有高密度头部的流体会拉伸并聚集，其高密度头部所搬运的沉积物比低密度主体多达1000倍。因此，高密度头部能够控制浊流的沉积物搬运以及向深海的流动距离。
直接测量结果显示了浊流行为的差异以及对深海沉积物搬运的控制作用。
Until recently, despite being one of the most important sediment transport phenomena on Earth, few direct measurements of turbidity currents existed. Consequently, their structure and evolution were poorly understood, particularly whether they are dense or dilute. Here, we analyze the largest number of turbidity currents monitored to date from source to sink. We show sediment transport and internal flow characteristic evolution as they runout. Observed frontal regions (heads) are fast (>1.5 m/s), thin (<10 m), dense (depth averaged concentrations up to 38%vol), strongly stratified, and dominated by grain-to-grain interactions, or slower (<1 m/s), dilute (<0.01%vol), and well mixed with turbulence supporting sediment. Between these end-members, a transitional flow head exists. Flow bodies are typically thick, slow, dilute, and well mixed. Flows with dense heads stretch and bulk up with dense heads transporting up to 1000 times more sediment than the dilute body. Dense heads can therefore control turbidity current sediment transport and runout into the deep sea. Direct measurements show contrasting turbidity current behavior and controls on sediment transport to the deep sea.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspa.1954.0186
发表时间：
1954-01-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
BAGNOLD, RA
通讯作者：
BAGNOLD, RA
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
ELLISON, TH;TURNER, JS
通讯作者：
TURNER, JS
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
GARCIA, M;PARKER, G
通讯作者：
PARKER, G
影响因子：
18.3
作者：
Breard, Eric C. P.;Lube, Gert;Moebis, Anja
通讯作者：
Moebis, Anja
DOI：
10.3189/172756404781815068
发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, VOL 38, 2004
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gauer, P;Issler, D
通讯作者：
Issler, D