Human taste thresholds are modulated by serotonin and noradrenaline
Human taste thresholds are modulated by serotonin and noradrenaline
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.3459-06.2006
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发表时间：
2006-12-06
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Donaldson, Lucy F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heath, Tom P.;Melichar, Jan K.;Donaldson, Lucy F.
5-羟色胺（5-HT）和去甲肾上腺素（NA）改变的情况下，如焦虑或抑郁，与味觉障碍，表明这些递质在健康和疾病的味觉阈值的确定的重要性。在这项研究中，我们第一次表明，人类的味觉阈值是塑料和降低调制系统单胺。对健康人在使用5-HT再摄取抑制剂、NA再摄取抑制剂或安慰剂之前和之后的味觉功能的测量表明，增强5-HT显著降低了27%的蔗糖味觉阈值和53%的奎宁味觉阈值。相反，增强NA显著降低苦味阈值39%和酸味阈值22%。此外，焦虑水平与苦味和咸味阈值呈正相关。我们发现，5-HT和NA参与设置味觉阈值，正常健康受试者的人类味觉是塑料的，这些神经递质的调制对不同的味觉模式有不同的影响。我们提出了一个模型来解释这些发现。此外，我们表明，一般的焦虑水平是直接相关的味觉，这表明，改变味觉和食欲的情感障碍中看到的可能反映了味觉系统的实际变化。
Circumstances in which serotonin (5-HT) and noradrenaline (NA) are altered, such as in anxiety or depression, are associated with taste disturbances, indicating the importance of these transmitters in the determination of taste thresholds in health and disease. In this study, we show for the first time that human taste thresholds are plastic and are lowered by modulation of systemic monoamines. Measurement of taste function in healthy humans before and after a 5-HT reuptake inhibitor, NAreuptake inhibitor, or placebo showed that enhancing 5-HT significantly reduced the sucrose taste threshold by 27% and the quinine taste threshold by 53%. In contrast, enhancing NA significantly reduced bitter taste threshold by 39% and sour threshold by 22%. In addition, the anxiety level was positively correlated with bitter and salt taste thresholds. We show that 5-HT and NA participate in setting taste thresholds, that human taste in normal healthy subjects is plastic, and that modulation of these neurotransmitters has distinct effects on different taste modalities. We present a model to explain these findings. In addition, we show that the general anxiety level is directly related to taste perception, suggesting that altered taste and appetite seen in affective disorders may reflect an actual change in the gustatory system.